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chemistry > chemical changes > Flashcards

chemical changes Flashcards

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1
Q

how do metal oxides form

A

metals react with oxygen in an oxidation reaction

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2
Q

what is reduction

A

loss of oxygen/ gain of electrons

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3
Q

what is oxidation

A

gain of oxygen / loss of electrons

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4
Q

what happens to metals when they react with other substances

A

metal atoms form positive ions

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5
Q

what is the reactivity of metal determined by

A

their tendency ti make positive ions

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6
Q

lost metals in order of activity

A

potassium sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, copper

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7
Q

which two non metals are often included in ghe reactiviry serires

A

hydrogen and carbon

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8
Q

how can metals less reactive than carbon be extracted from their oxides

A

reduction with carbon

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9
Q

hat is typically made when an acid reacts with some metals

A

salts and hydrogen

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10
Q

how can acids be neutralised

A

sdding it to an alkali

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11
Q

what is the general word equation for anmetal hydroxide reacting with an acid

A

metal + acid> salt+ hydrogen

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12
Q

what what is an example of an alkali

A

soluble metal hydroxides

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13
Q

what is an example of a base

A

insoluble metal hydroxides wnd metal oxides

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14
Q

what is the general word equation for a metal hydroxide reacting with an acid

A

metal oxide+ acid> salt+ water

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15
Q

what is the general word equation for a metal oxide reacting with an acid

A

metal oxide+ acid > salt + water

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16
Q

what is the general word equation for a metal carbonate reacting with an acid

A

metal carbonate l+ acid> salt + water + carbon dioxide

17
Q

what type of salt does hydrochloric acid produce

A

chloride

18
Q

what type of salt does sulphuric acid produce

A

sulphate

19
Q

what thpe of salt does nitric acid produce

A

nitrate

20
Q

how can soluble salt be made

A

add acide in excess to a solid insoluble substance like metal, metal oxide, carbonate or hydroxide and filter of excess. crystalise the salt solution made

21
Q

what type of ions do acids produce ina. soltuion

A

H+

22
Q

what type of ions donalkalis produce in a solution

A

OH-

23
Q

what is a PH scale

A

a scale from 0-14 that is a measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution

24
Q

what can be used to measure ph

A

universal indicator or phmeter

25
Q

what is a ph of 7

A

neutral solution

26
Q

what is a ph value less than 7

A

acidic

27
Q

what is a ph more than 7

A

alklai

28
Q

what happens during a neutralisation reaction

A

hydrogen ions react with hydroxide ions to make water

29
Q

write a neutralisation equation

A

H+ + OH- > H2O

chemistry (10 decks)

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