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chemistry C4 > chemical changes > Flashcards

chemical changes Flashcards

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1
Q

what is the definition of ores

A

a rock that contains a lot of a metal to make it economical

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2
Q

what does oxidisation mean

A

a reaction where oxygen has been added to a substance AND electrons have been lost

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3
Q

what does reduction mean

A

a reaction where oxygen is removed AND electrons are gained

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4
Q

what does OIL RIG stand for

A

oxidation is lost reduction is gain

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5
Q

what is the order of the reactivity series

A
  • potassium
  • sodium
  • lithium
  • calcium
  • magnesium
  • aluminium
  • carbon
  • zinc
  • iron
  • tin
  • lead
  • hydrogen
  • copper
  • silver
  • gold
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6
Q

what does
Please Send Lions, Cats, Monkeys And Cute Zebras Into Hot Countries Signed Georgiana
stand for

A
  • potassium
  • sodium
  • lithium
  • calcium
  • magnesium
  • aluminium
  • carbon
  • zinc
  • iron
  • tin
  • lead
  • hydrogen
  • copper
  • silver
  • gold
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7
Q

finish this equation

water + metal → ?

A

metal hydroxide + hydrogen

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8
Q

finish this equation

metal + dilute acid → ?

A

metal salt + hydrogen gas

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9
Q

how can you tell that hydrogen gas has been produced

A

the gas gives off a squeaky pop with a lighted splint

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10
Q

what is the definition of a displacement reaction

A

a reaction where a more reactive element takes the place of a less reactive element in a compound or in a solution

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11
Q

in half equations for a oxidised element would the electron be on the left side or the right side

A

right side
e.g Fe+ Cu 2+ →Fe ^2 +Cu
iron is oxidised
Fe → Fe 2+ +2e-

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12
Q

in half equations for a reduced element would the electron be on the left side or the right side

A

left side
e.g Fe+ Cu 2+ →Fe ^2 +Cu
copper is reduced
Cu2+ +2e- → Cu

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13
Q

where do ores come from

A

the ground they are mined

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14
Q

whether a metal is worth being mined depends on 3 things

A
  • how easy it is to extract
  • how much metal the ore contains
  • the changing demands for the metal
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15
Q

what does it mean when a metal is in its native state

A

it is in its purest state

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16
Q

what is an example of an element that is in its native state

A

gold and silver

17
Q

what element is usually used to extract metals from ore

A

copper

18
Q

finish this equation

metal oxide + carbon →

A

metal +carbon dioxide

19
Q

what does tungsten’s ore react with to become pure

A

hydrogen

20
Q

what is the definition for salt

A

a compound formed when the hydrogen in an acid is wholly or partially replaced by metal or ammonium ions

21
Q

finish this equation

metal + acid →?

A

a salt + hydrogen

22
Q

for a metal to react with a salt what element must they be above in the periodic table

A

hydrogen

23
Q

to gain a pure version of a slat during a salt and metal reaction what process must be done

A

crystallisation

24
Q

when a metal reacts with hydrochloric acid what will be the name of the salt

A

metal chloride

25
Q

when a metal reacts with sulphuric acid what will be the name of the salt

A

metal sulphide

26
Q

when a metal reacts with nitric acid what will be the name of the salt

A

metal nitrate

27
Q

what type of reaction is between a salt and a metal

A

a redox reaction (reduction and oxidisation)

28
Q

finish this equation

acid+ base → ?

A

salt +water

29
Q

what type of reaction is this

acid+ base → salt +water

A

neutralisation

30
Q

what types of ions do salts have

A

positive ions

31
Q

what type of ions does acids have

A

negative ions

32
Q

what are the steps to crystallisation of a copper salt

c5.5

A

1) put insoluble copper oxide into a sulphuric acid and stir warm the solution gently
2) once the solution has turned blue we can tell a reaction has occurred and the black residue is the excess copper oxide
3) when the reaction is complete filter

chemistry C4 (2 decks)

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