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Chemical Change > Chemical Change > Flashcards

Chemical Change Flashcards

1
Q

Atom

A

the basic unit of matter

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2
Q

Electron

A

a negatively charged subatomic particle

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3
Q

Proton

A

a positively charged subatomic particle

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4
Q

Neutron

A

a subatomic particle with neutral charge

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5
Q

Nucleus

A

the positively charged central core of an atom

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6
Q

Chemical change

A

a change that results in the formation of new substances

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7
Q

Physical change

A

a change affecting the form of a substance, but not its chemical composition

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8
Q

Element

A

a substance made up of only one type of atom. NOT CHEMICALLY BONDED

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9
Q

Compound

A

a substance made of two or more elements chemically bonded together

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10
Q

Mixture

A

a substance containing two or more substances that are not chemically bonded

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11
Q

NAME THE FIRST 20 ELEMENTS OF THE PERIODIC TABLE

A
  1. Hydrogen (H)
  2. Helium (He)
  3. Lithium (Li)
  4. Beryllium (Be)
  5. Boron (B)
  6. Carbon (C)
  7. Nitrogen (N)
  8. Oxygen (O)
  9. Fluorine (F)
  10. Neon (Ne)
  11. Sodium (Na)
  12. Magnesium (Mg)
  13. Aluminum (Al)
  14. Silicon (Si)
  15. Phosphorus (P)
  16. Sulfur (S)
  17. Chlorine (Cl)
  18. Argon (Ar)
  19. Potassium (K)
  20. Calcium (Ca)
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12
Q

What is the chemical formula for water?

A

H20

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13
Q

What is the chemical formula for carbon dioxide?

A

CO2

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14
Q

What is the chemical formula for ammonia?

A

NH3

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15
Q

What is the chemical formula for Sodium Chloride?

A

NaCl

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16
Q

What is the chemical formula for Sodium Hydroxide

A

NaOH

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17
Q

What is the chemical formula for Sulfuric Acid?

A

H2SO4

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18
Q

What is the chemical formula for hydrogen chloride?

A

HCl

19
Q

What is the chemical formula for Oxygen?

A

O2

20
Q

What is the chemical formula for Hydrogen?

A

H2

21
Q

What is the chemical formula for Nitrogen?

A

N2

22
Q

Which element has the symbol ‘Cu’

A

Copper

23
Q

Which element has the symbol ‘Fe’

A

Iron

24
Q

Which element has the symbol ‘Au’

A

Gold

25
Q

Which element has the symbol ‘Ag’

A

Silver

26
Q

Which element has the symbol ‘Hg’

A

Mercury

27
Q

Which element has the symbol ‘Br’

A

Bromine

28
Q

Which element has the symbol ‘I’

A

Iodine

29
Q

Which element has the symbol ‘Zn’

A

Zinc

30
Q

Which element has the symbol ‘Pb’

A

Lead

31
Q

What is an exothermic reaction?

A

A reaction where the mixture heats up
Energy is released during the reaction

Example: fireworks

32
Q

What is an endothermic reaction?

A

A reaction where the mixture cools down
Energy is absorbed during the reaction

Example: instant cold pack for sports injuries

33
Q

List what happens in a chemical change

A

The change is permanent
USUALLY irreversible
New substances are created
The properties of the original substance change to the different properties in the new substance

34
Q

List what happens in a physical change

A

The change is temporary
Can be reversed
Do not create a new substance
The state/shape may change, but what the substance IS does not change.

35
Q

Give examples of a chemical change

A
  • biscuits baking
  • explosion of fireworks
  • burning wood
36
Q

Give examples of a physical change

A
  • an ice cube melting
  • shredding paper
  • breaking a bottle
37
Q

Describe the structure of an atom

A

An atom has a nucleus, which is the positively charged central core of the atom. The nucleus contains two types of subatomic particles: protons, and neutrons. Protons are positively charged, while neutrons have no charge. Surrounding the nucleus, are electron shells, which contain electrons orbiting the nucleus at very fast speeds. Electrons are negatively charged, and weigh very little compared to protons and neutrons.

38
Q

State the electron arrangement of Sulfur, and relate it to the element’s position in the periodic table

A

Sulfur is in the third row of the periodic table, so it has three electron shells. The first shell is full, with 2 electrons and the second shell is also full, with 8 electrons. Because sulfur is the sixth element in the third row, it’s outer shell has 6 electrons. So it’s electron arrangement looks like - 2, 8, 6, a total of 16 electrons, which is it’s atomic number.

39
Q

Identify the group and period (atomic number) of an element, and classify it as metal/non-metal

A

ELEMENT: Aluminium

Aluminum is the thirteenth element in the periodic table, it is part of the thirteenth group, and is a basic metal.

ELEMENT: Sodium (Na)

Sodium is the eleventh element in the periodic table, is in the first group and is an alkali metal.

ELEMENT: Chlorine (Cl)
Chlorine is the seventeenth element in the periodic table, in the seventeenth group. It is not a metal, it is a noble gas.

ELEMENT: Phosphorus (Ph)
Phosphorus is the fifteenth element, in the fifteenth group of the periodic table. It is a non-metal.

40
Q

Look at the periodic table and identify the metals, and non-metals

A
41
Q

What chemical test identifies carbon dioxide gas?

A

LIMEWATER TEST
limewater + carbon dioxide = mixture goes milky

Take a test tube with carbon dioxide gas and attach a stopper with a tube on the other end of it. Put the other end of the tube into limewater. If the limewater goes cloudy, the gas is CO2.

42
Q

What chemical test identifies oxygen?

A

GLOWING SPLINT TEST

oxygen gas + glowing splint = the glowing splint relights

Take a test tube with oxygen in it, and raise a glowing splint above it. If the splint relights when held above the test tube, the gas is oxygen.

43
Q

What chemical test identifies hydrogen?

A

SQUEAKY POP TEST
hydrogen gas + lit match = a squeaky pop sound as the hydrogen ignites and explodes

Take a test tube with hydrogen gas inside it, and raise a lit match above it. If there is a squeaky pop sound, the gas is hydrogen.

Chemical Change (1 decks)

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