Chemical bonds, ionic covalent and metallic Flashcards
Name the three types of bonding
- Ionic
- Covalent
- Metallic
In ionic bonds are do the particles have like charges or are they oppositely charged?
Oppositely charged
Which two types of elements bond to make an ionic compound
Metal + Non-metal
In covalent bonding, the particles are atoms that ___ pairs of electrons
fill in the blank
In covalent bonding, the particles are atoms that share pairs of electrons
In metallic bonding the particles are atoms which share ____ electrons
fill in the blank
In metallic the particles are atoms which share delocalised electrons
Which two types of elements bond to form a covalent bond?
Non-metal + Non-metal
Which type(s) of element bond to form a metallic compound?
Metal + Metal
Alloy
Name the two ways in which a covalent bond can be represented with a diagram
Dot and Cross diagram
Stick diagram
What makes a double covalent bond a double covalent bond?
There are two shared pairs of electrons
What makes a single covalent bond a single covalent bond
There is one shared pair of electrons
What determines the type of covalent bond it will be
(e.g.single or double covalent bond)
The number of electrons being shared
How do you draw a stick diagram for covalent bonding with different types* of bond
*different types meaning single or double bond
You draw the number of sticks that the bond is, e.g. if it’s a double bond, draw two sticks bonding the molecules.
Explain covalent bonds in terms of electrostatic forces
In covalent bonding there is an electrostatic force of attraction between the shared pair of electrons and the positively charged nuclei (as opposite charges attract eachother).
Explain ionic bonding in terms of electrostatic forces
In ionic bonding there is an electrostatic force of attraction between the metal ion* and the non-metal ion*
*metal ions are positive *non-metal ions are posistive
Explain metallic bonding in terms of electrostatic forces
In metallic bonding there is an electrostatic force of attraction between the positiviely charged metal ions and the negatively charge delocalised electrons
(oppostie charges attract eachother)
In ionic bonding are electrons shared or transferred?
Transferred
Do metals lose or gain electrons?
Metals lose electrons
What is the charge of a metal ion?
Positive
What is the definition of an ion
An atom with the same number of protons but a different number of electrons
Do non-metals gain or lose electrons?
Gain
Are non-metal ions postively or negatively charge?
Negatively charged
What is the electronic structure of an ionic compound formed from the bonding of a group 1 / 2 metal and a group 6 / 7 non-metal
The electronic structure is the same as the structure of a group 0 noble gas
Name the way in which ionic compounds can be represented by a diagram
Dot and cross diagram
What does the charge of metals* and non-metals* ions relate to?
*metals = group 1 and 2 // *non-metals= group 6 and 7
The group number of the element in the periodic table
What are ionic compounds held together by?
strong electrostatci forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions
In what direction do electrostatic forces act in an ionic lattice?
All directions
Name the advantages of dot and cross diagrams
They clearly show how the electrons are transferred
Name the disadvantages of dot and cross diagrams
- They do not show the 3D lattice structure of an ionic compound
- They fail to illustrate the relative size of the atoms and the bonds
What are the advantages of ball and stick diagrams?
- They show how atoms are connected and how they are arranged in space
Name the disadvantages of ball and stick diagrams?
They fail to indicate the movement of electrons
Name the disadvantages of using 3D diagrams for representing molecules or giant covalent structures?
- Not to scale
- Fail to display the movement of electrons
- Fail to display the forces of attraction
What are the disadvantages of using 2D diagrams?
They do not show the arrangement of molecules
