Chemical Bonding Flashcards
Chemical Bonds
Chemical bonds are electrostatic forces of attraction between positive charges and negative charges in the particles (atoms, molecules, ions) of a substance
Electronegativity
Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract the shared pair of electrons in a covalent bond
Ionic Bonding
Ionic bond is the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions (or cations and anions). The ions are formed by a complete transfer of electrons from a metal atom to a non-metal atom.
Lattice Energy
Lattice Energy, ∆Hlatt or LE is the energy evolved when one mole of an ionic compound is formed from its constituent gaseous ions under standard conditions
Covalent Bond
Covalent bond is the electrostatic attraction between a shared pair of electrons and positively charged nuclei
Bond Energy
Bond energy is the energy required to break one mole of a covalent bond between two atoms in the gaseous state
Bond Length
The bond length is the internuclear distance between two covalently bonded atoms
Sigma bonds
A sigma, σ bond is a covalent bond resulting from head-on overlap (collinear overlap) of atomic orbitals
Pi Bonds
A pi, π bond is a covalent bond resulting from sideways overlap (collateral overlap) of atomic orbitals
Dative Bond
A dative bond is a covalent bond in which both electrons of the shared pair come from one of the two bonded atoms
Lewis Acid and Base
A Lewis acid is an electron pair acceptor. A Lewis base is an electron pair donor.
Metallic Bonding
Metallic bonding is the electrostatic attraction between a lattice of positive ions and sea of delocalised valence electrons
