Chemical Bonding Flashcards
Ionic Compounds
atoms or molecules that bond to one another through their mutual attraction between positive and negative charges.
Cation and Anion
A cation is an atom with a positive charge since it lost an electron and therefore it is now a
Ionic nomenclature (naming ionic compounds)
no prefixes when naming and use roman numerals to identify which ion is being used
Covalent Compounds
A covalent compound is made when two or more nonmetal atoms bond by sharing valence electrons. The shared valence electrons between two nonmetal atoms is called a covalent bond.
Molecular (covalent) nomenclature (naming)
use prefix when naming
Ionic bonding vs Covalent bonding
ionic bonding has two atoms that share on
Lewis Symbol
Symbol for elements or bonds and show the amount of electrons on each bond
Steps for drawing Lewis Dot Structures
- electron count
- find center atoms and terminal atoms
- draw bonds and label electrons based on amount.
Molecular Shape based on VSEPR Theory
the amount of bonding domains and lone pairs on the central atom determine the molecular shape of the bond
Bonding domains and non bonding domains
bonding domains are the lines that go out and from a bond but nonbonding domains are the amount of lone pairs on a central atom
Calculating Bond Order
add the total number of bonds and divide it by the amount of bonding domains
Polarity and determining if a compound is nonpolar or polar
if all terminal atoms have the same amount of electrons, then it is nonpolar.
on central atom:
1. if there is one lone pair, then polar
2. if two lone pairs, polar unless square planar
3. if three line pairs, polar unless linear shape of trigonal bipyramidal
