Chemical Bonding

Question 2

What is a chemical symbol?

Question 3

A notation representing an element using one or two letters.

Question 4

What is atomic number?

Question 5

The number of protons in an atom.

Question 6

What is mass number?

Question 7

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

Question 8

What does the group number represent?

Question 9

The number of valence electrons in an atom.

Question 10

What does the period number represent?

Question 11

The number of filled electron shells in an atom.

Question 12

What are isotopes?

Question 13

Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 14

How are ions formed?

Question 15

By gaining or losing electrons

Answer 15

acquiring an electrical charge.

Question 16

Why do atoms form ions?

Question 17

To achieve a stable duplet or octet electron configuration.

Question 18

What are cations?

Question 19

Positively charged ions formed by losing electrons.

Question 20

Why do cations have a positive charge?

Question 21

They have more protons than electrons.

Question 22

What are anions?

Question 23

Negatively charged ions formed by gaining electrons.

Question 24

Why do anions have a negative charge?

Question 25

They have more electrons than protons.

Question 26

What is ionic bonding?

Question 27

The transfer of electrons between metals and non-metals.

Question 28

What force holds ionic compounds together?

Question 29

The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.

Question 30

What type of structure do ionic compounds form?

Question 31

A giant ionic structure.

Question 32

Why do metallic atoms form cations?

Question 33

They tend to lose electrons because they have fewer than four valence electrons.

Question 34

Which groups contain metallic atoms?

Question 35

Groups 1

Answer 35

2

Question 36

Why do non-metallic atoms form anions?

Question 37

They tend to gain electrons because they have more than four valence electrons.

Question 38

Which groups contain non-metallic atoms?

Question 39

Groups 15

Answer 39

16

Question 40

How does electron transfer occur in ionic bonding?

Question 41

The number of electrons lost by the metal equals the number of electrons gained by the non-metal.

Question 42

What is covalent bonding?

Question 43

The sharing of electrons between non-metallic atoms.

Question 44

Why do atoms form covalent bonds?

Question 45

To achieve a stable duplet or octet configuration.

Question 46

What is a single covalent bond?

Question 47

A bond where two electrons are shared between two atoms.

Question 48

What is a double covalent bond?

Question 49

A bond where four electrons are shared between two atoms.

Question 50

Where does sharing occur in covalent bonding?

Question 51

In the valence electron shell.

Question 52

How many electrons are shared in covalent bonding?

Question 53

The number needed to achieve a stable duplet or octet configuration.

Question 54

What is formed when atoms share electrons?

Question 55

A neutral molecule.