Chemical bonding Flashcards
Deck focused on learning the types of chemical bonds and the difference between them. This deck includes questions on hybridization and the different types of covalent bonds.
What is a chemical bond?
A chemical bond is the force that holds two or more atoms together to form a molecule or compound.
There can be different types of bonds depending on their strength, for example, ionic, covalent and metallic.
What types of chemical bonds are there?
There are three main types: covalent, ionic and metallic bonding.
What is a covalent bond?
It is a bond in which atoms share electrons to achieve a stable electronic configuration.
This type of bond is generated mainly between non-metallic atoms, which have an electronegativity difference of no more than 1.7. Examples of atoms with covalent bonds are carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, among others. This type of bond is usually represented by Lewis structures.
How is an ionic bond formed?
An ionic bond is formed when one atom gives up electrons and another gains electrons, creating ions of opposite charge that attract each other.
This type of bond is characteristic between atoms of alkali and alkaline earth elements and atoms of non-metallic elements, which have a large electronegativity difference (greater than 1.7). An example of an ionic bond is that between a sodium atom (Na) and a chlorine atom (Cl) producing sodium chloride (NaCl) or commonly known as “salt”.
What characterizes metallic bonding?
In metallic bonding, electrons move freely between metal atoms, forming an electronic “cloud” that gives properties such as conductivity.
As its name indicates, this type of bond is characteristic between atoms of metallic materials, as is the case of iron (Fe) wires, which are widely used in electrical circuits because of their current-conducting properties.
