Chemical Bonding Flashcards
Chemical bond
A mutual attraction between two atoms resulting from the simultaneous attraction between their nuclei and the outer electrons
Molecule
A group of two or more atoms that are covalently bonded and that functions as a unit
Covalent bond
The sharing of electrons between atoms to form molecules
Ionic bonding
The transfer of electrons to form cations and anions that attract each other to form a formula-unit
Formula unit
The most simple empirical formula that represents the compound
Anion
A charged particle made from an atom by the gain of electrons
Ion
Charged particle made from an atom by the loss or gain of electrons
Cation
A charged particle made from an atom by the loss of electrons
Describe the structure of the sodium chloride crystal
In the crystal each sodium ion is surrounded by six chloride ions to form a cubic structure. Each chloride ion is also surrounded by six sodium ions
Crystal lattice
An orderly three-dimensional arrangement of particles in a solid structure
Metallic bonding
The bond between positive ions and delocalised valence electrons in a metal
Valence electrons (outer electrons)
The electrons in the highest energy level of an atom in which there are electrons
