Chemical bonding

Question 1

define electronegativity

Answer 1

the ability of an attom to attract a pair of electrons towards itself in a covalent bond

Question 2

state factors affecting electronegativity

Answer 2

nuclear charge
atomic radius
shielding

Question 3

how does nuclear charge affect eletronegativity

Answer 3

an increase in the number of protons will cause an increase in nulear attraction with electrons in the outershells therefore increasing electronegativity

Question 4

how does atomic radius affect electronegativity

Answer 4

atomic radius is the distannce between the nucleus and electrons; electrons closer to the nucleus are strongly attracted whereas the outermost electrons are less strongly attracted towards

Question 5

how does shielding affect electronegativity

Answer 5

increase in innershells ad subshells decreaases electronegativity as we’re increasing the shells hence outer electrons have a less attractive force on the nucleus

Question 6

describe the electronegativity trend down a group

Answer 6

it decreases due to
- increased shielding
- icreased atomic radius
- nuclear charge is negligable

Question 7

describe the electronegativity trend across a period

Answer 7

it increases due to
-increased nuclear charge
- decreased atomic radius
- shielding remains constant

Question 8

how does electronegativity relate to bond polarity

Answer 8

• the greater the difference in electronegativity the more polar the bond beocmes