Chemical bonding Flashcards
___ is the force which holds two or more atoms together in a stable molecule
Chemical bond
Metallic elements have ___ electrons in their valence shell
1,2 or 3
Non metallic elements have __ electrons in their valence shell
5,6, or 7
Which elements have stable electronic configuration
Noble gases
How many electrons do noble gases have in their valence shell
2- Helium
8
Why does Chemical bonding happen
To attain stable electronic configuration of nearest noble gas
Octet rule
8 electrons in outermost shell
Duplet rule
2 electrons in outermost shell
Two methods to achieve chemical bonding
Electron transfer, electron sharing
Electron sharing results in formation of
Covalent compound
Electron transfer results in formation of ___
Electrovalent/Ionic compound
For formation of ionic compound, Value of I.P of metallic atom must be
Low
For formation of ionic compound , E.A of non metallic compound should be
High
For formation of ionic compound, Electronegativity difference should be____
Large
For formation of covalent compound, I.P, E,A and electronegativity must be ___ between both atoms and E.N difference must be ____
High , negligible
Transfer of electrons from ___ to ___ atom takes place during ionic compound formation
Metallic to non metallic
Ionic Bond formation is due to
Electrostatic force of attraction
No. of electrons donated/accepted by the valence shell of an atom to attain S.E.C is called
Electro valency
covalent compounds are formed between ______ atoms/elements
Non metallic
No. of electrons pairs shared to achieve S.E.C
Covalency
Two types of covalent compounds
Polar and non- polar
Non polar covalent compounds means
Shared pair of electrons are equally distributed between two atoms
Charge separation does not take place in _____ covalent compound
Non polar
When shared pair of electrons are unequally distributed between two atoms,
Polar covalent
covalent compound which is unsymmetrical
Polar covalent
Covalency of Hydrogen molecule
1
Covalency of chlorine molecule
1
Covalency of oxygen molecule
2
Covalency of nitrogen molecule
3
Ccl4 formation involves how many bonds of what type
4 single covalent bonds
Ch4 involves how many bonds of what type
4 single covalent bonds
Water is non polar covalent… true or false
False
Water has ___ lone pair of electrons
2
Ammonia is polar or non polar
Polar
How many lone pair of electrons does ammonia have
1
Coordinate bond
One of the combining atoms contribute both of the shared electrons
Coordinate bond other names
Dative
Co-ionic
a compound having ionic, covalent and coordinate bond
NH4Cl , K4[Fe(CN)6]
Compound having covalent and coordinate bond
CO, HNO3
Compound having ionic and covalent bond
NaOH, CaCO3
How do ionic compounds exist at room temp
crystalline hard solids
What is the force which exists between molecules in a covalent compound and are they strong or weak
Van der Waal’s forces , weak
Which compounds are volatile and which are non volatile?
Volatile- covalent
Non volatile - ionic
What force exists between ions and is it strong or weak
Electrostatic force, strong
which type of compound has high melting and boiling point and why
Ionic, strong electrostatic force of attraction
Covalent compounds are ___ conductors of heat whereas ionic compounds are ____ conductors
bad/non. good
Which type of compounds are soluble in water and which are not
Soluble - ionic
Insoluble- covalent
____ has a high dielectric constant than organic solvents
Water
Covalent compounds are soluble in
Organic solvents like benzene, alcohol
Ionic compounds undergo ___ speed ionic reactions
HIgh
covalent compounds undergoslow speed ___ reaction
Molecular
How does ionic compounds dissociate and how do covalent compounds disscociate
Electrolytic dissociation, ionisation
Ionic compounds conduct electricity in _____/___state
Molten/aq.soln
Covalent compounds exist in ____ state when there are more molecules
Liquids /Soft solids
Covalent compounds exist in ___ state when the molecules are less
Gaseous
