Chemical Bonding Flashcards
Chemical Bond
A mutual attraction between atoms resulting from the simultaneous attraction between the nuclei and the outer electrons (The energy of the combined atoms is lower than that of the individual atoms resulting in higher stability)
OR
The electrostatic forces that hold atoms together to form the particles of a substance
Covalent Bond
The sharing of electrons between atoms to form a molecule (non-metals)
Ionic Bond
The transfer of electrons to form cations and anions that attract each other to form a formula unit (metals and non-metals)
Metallic Bond
The chemical bond brought about by the attraction between positive ions and delocalised valence electrons in a metal (metals)
Formula Unit
The simplest empirical formula that represents a compound
Ion
A charged particle made from an atom by the loss or gain of electrons
Anion
A negatively charged particle made from an atom by the gain of electrons
Cation
A positively charged particle made from an atom by the loss of electrons
Lewis Dot Diagram
A structural formula in which valence electrons are represented by dots or crosses
Delocalised electrons
Valence electrons that are distributed over a whole structure and not associated with any particular atom
Relative Formula Mass
Relative mass of a single unit of an ionic compound
Relative Molecular Mass
Relative mass of a molecule of a substance
Crystal Lattice
An orderly 3D arrangement of particles in a solid structure
Molecule
A group of 2 or more atoms that are covalently bonded and that function as a unit
/
A group of atoms bonded together in a fixed
ratio to form the particles of a compound
Single Covalent Bond
A bond formed by the sharing of one pair of electrons
