Chemical Basis of Life

Question 1

anything that occupies space and has mass

Answer 1

Matter

Question 2

is a pure chemical substance consisting of one type of atom that can’t be separated or divided into simpler substances.

Answer 2

Element

Question 3

the smallest unit of matter.

Answer 3

Atom

Question 4

What are the three subatomic particles:

Answer 4

1. Protons (positively charged particles)
2. Neutrons (no charge or neutral)
3. Electrons (negatively charged particles)

Question 5

Composed of atoms covalently bonded together.

Answer 5

Molecule

Question 6

Composed of atoms of 2 or more different elements that are chemically combined.

Answer 6

Compound

Question 7

There are __ elements in the periodic table. There are only __ naturally occuring element

Answer 7

118 ; 98

Question 8

Only __ elements are essential to life

Answer 8

25

Question 9

______ are atoms of the same element having different mass numbers

Answer 9

Isotopes

Question 10

How can we determine whether an atom is reactive or non-reactive?

Answer 10

It is non-reactive if the outermost shell contains 8 electrons

Question 11

How many electrons can the First Energy Level accomodate?

Answer 11

2 Electrons

Question 12

How many electrons can the Second Energy Level accomodate?

Answer 12

8 Electrons

Question 13

How many electrons can the Third Energy Level accomodate?

Answer 13

18 Electrons

Question 14

How many electrons can the Fourth Energy Level accomodate?

Answer 14

32 Electrons

Question 15

a type of chemical bond formed when an electron or electrons is/are transferred from an atom to another involved in the chemical bonding.

Answer 15

Ionic bond

Question 16

a type of chemical bond formed from equal sharing of electrons between atoms involved in the chemical bonding.

Answer 16

Nonpolar Covalent Bond

Question 17

a type of chemical bond formed when there is unequal sharing of electrons between atoms involved in the chemical bonding.

Answer 17

Polar Covalent Bond

Question 18

A chemical bond formed between Hydrogen atom an electronegative atom such as nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, etc.

Answer 18

Hydrogen Bond

Question 19

substances composed of 2 or more atoms

Answer 19

Molecules

Question 20

substances composed of atoms of 2 or more chemical elements.

Answer 20

Compounds

Question 21

Simple substances that are made up of 2 or more different types of elements and usually non-carbon containing compounds.

Answer 21

Inorganic compounds

Question 22

Substances that contain covalently bonded Carbon and Hydrogen atoms and often other elements.
Compounds of hydrocarbons.

Answer 22

Organic compounds

Question 23

is a measurement of the acidity or alkalinity of a substance.

Answer 23

pH

Question 24

is defined as the amount of heat one gram of a substance must absorb or lose to change its temperature by one degree Celsius.

Answer 24

Specific heat

Question 25

is the tendency of water to rise more readily in narrow tube due to an interplay of the forces of adhesion and cohesion.

Answer 25

Capillarity

Question 26

could be defined as the property of thesurfaceof a liquid that allows it to resist an external force, due to the cohesive nature of thewatermolecules.

Answer 26

Surface tension

Question 27

What is the percentage of CO2 in the air?

Answer 27

About 0.33%

Question 28

One of the greenhouse gases which trap heat radiation causing the warming of the earth’s atmosphere through greenhouse effect.

Answer 28

Carbon dioxide (CO2)

Question 29

It consists of 21% in the air

Answer 29

Oxygen (O2)

Question 30

What are the 4 organic compounds that are essential to life?

Answer 30

1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic acids

Question 31

are the sugars, starches and fibers found in fruits, grains, vegetables and milk products.

Answer 31

Carbohydrates