Chemical and Physical Injury Flashcards
T/F Lethal capacity of cocaine is dose dependent.
toxicity is not dose dependent, but is related to the rout of administration
Combination of cocaine with which other substances creates distinct products?
ethanol
p450
smoking
Contrast abrasion with laceration.
abrasion epithelial injury with frictional and pressure forces
laceration- tearing of tissue from either compression or stretching
Risk for electrocution is mostly ____.
occupational
Combination of cocaine with which other substances creates distinct products?
ethanol
p450 metabolism
smoking
Risk for electrocution is mostly ____.
occupational
Define hyperthermia and hypothermia.
hyperthermia, core temp exceeds 106F
hypothermia, core temp below 95
List different cases of asphyxiation.
chemical- CO
hypoxic- methane or CO2
non-gaseous displacement of air- drowning
suffocation: environmental, smothering or infantile asphyxia
choking
mechaniacal asphyxia (traumatic, positional, internal)
erotic asphyxia
Describe evidence of the 3 types of contact GSW wounds.
tight contact: skin splitting +/- muzzle stamp
loose: usually no skin splitting +/- muzzle stamp
near: soot in wound with or without stippling
Name 4 types of death by strangulation.
manual strangulation
ligature strangulation
hanging
autoerotic asphyxia
Name 4 types of death by strangulation.
manual strangulation
ligature strangulation
hanging
autoerotic asphyxia
How does ethylene glycol causes damage to the proximal convoluted tubules?
cause oxalate crystal formation in the PCT
What is the cause of death commonly in a cocaine intoxication?
vasospasm of the coronary artery or arrhythmia; causes disease of the arteries
What type of injury does a scissors cause?
bi-ellipse
What is the rule of 9s?
9 areas have 9% of surface area each: front or back of each leg, upper and lower torso on either side, whole arm (each) and head + 1% genital area
Ferrning is a lesion that is specific to what mechanism of injury?
electrocution, usually lightening strike
Define hyperthermia and hypothermia.
hyperthermia, core temp exceeds 106F
hypothermia, core temp below 95 (often hyperemia over major joints)
Describe evidence of the 3 types of contact GSW wounds.
tight contact: skin splitting +/- muzzle stamp
loose: usually no skin splitting +/- muzzle stamp
near: soot in wound with or without stippling (punctate lesions from burned and unburned powder)
Name 4 types of death by strangulation.
manual strangulation
ligature strangulation
hanging
autoerotic asphyxia
(classic sign is punctate hemorrhage of the inside of the conjunctiva or on the lips
Ferrning is a lesion that is specific to what mechanism of injury?
electrocution, usually lightening strike
many die from the initial strike due to respiratory failure or arrhythmia
Describe the classic electrocution injury.
targetoid lesion with central induration, outer layer of pallor and then erthythema
What are Beau’s lines?
sign that patient survived significant illness (can see retarded and continued nail growth)
T/F Choking and strangulation are the same thing.
false, choking is due to internal physical airway obstruction
