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Chemical analysis Flashcards

1
Q

What colour does sodium turn during a flame test?

A

Yellow

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2
Q

What colour does potassium turn in a flame test?

A

Lilac

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3
Q

What colour does calcium turn in a flame test?

A

Yellow-red

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4
Q

What colour does barium turn in a flame test?

A

Pale green

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5
Q

What colour does lithium turn in a flame test?

A

Red

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6
Q

What colour does strontium turn in a flame test?

A

Red

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7
Q

What is the problem with using flame tests to identify lithium?

A

It turns red, which is the same as strontium

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8
Q

What colour does rubidium turn in a flame test?

A

Red-violet

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9
Q

What happens on adding aqueous sodium hydroxide to chromium III?

A

A green precipitate forms

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10
Q

What happens on adding excess sodium hydroxide to chromium III?

A

Precipitate dissolves to a dark green solution

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11
Q

What happens on adding aqueous sodium hydroxide to iron II?

A

Green precipitate forms, turning brown on exposure to air

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12
Q

What happens on adding excess sodium hydroxide to iron II?

A

Precipitate is insoluble

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13
Q

What happens on adding aqueous sodium hydroxide to iron III?

A

Red-brown precipitate forms

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14
Q

What happens on adding excess aqueous sodium hydroxide to iron III?

A

Precipitate is insoluble

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15
Q

What happens on adding excess aqueous sodium hydroxide to cobalt II?

A

Precipitate is insoluble

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16
Q

What happens on adding excess aqueous sodium hydroxide to copper II?

A

Precipitate is insoluble

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17
Q

What happens on adding excess aqueous sodium hydroxide to group 2 cations?

A

Precipitate is insoluble

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18
Q

What happens on adding excess aqueous sodium hydroxide to group 1 cations?

A

There is no precipitate formed at all

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19
Q

What happens on adding aqueous sodium hydroxide to cobalt II?

A

A blue precipitate forms turning pink on standing

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20
Q

What happens on adding aqueous sodium hydroxide to copper II?

A

Blue precipitate forms

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21
Q

What happens on adding aqueous sodium hydroxide to group 2 cations?

A

A white precipitate forms

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22
Q

What happens on adding aqueous sodium hydroxide to group 1 cations?

A

No precipitate

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23
Q

What happens when aqueous ammonia solution is added to chromium III?

A

A green precipitate forms

24
Q

What happens when aqueous ammonia solution is added to iron II?

A

A green precipitate forms, turning brown on air exposure

25
What happens when aqueous ammonia solution is added to iron III?
A red-brown precipitate
26
What happens when aqueous ammonia solution is added to cobalt II?
A blue precipitate
27
What happens when aqueous ammonia solution is added to copper II?
Blue precipitate
28
What happens when excess aqueous ammonia solution is added to chromium III?
Precipitate dissolves to a violet solution
29
What happens when excess aqueous ammonia solution is added to iron II?
Precipitate is insoluble
30
What happens when excess aqueous ammonia solution is added to iron III?
Precipitate is insoluble
31
What happens when excess aqueous ammonia solution is added to cobalt II?
Precipitate dissolves to a brown solution
32
What happens when excess aqueous ammonia solution is added to copper II?
Precipitate dissolves to a deep blue solution
33
34
What observations take place when a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid are added to chloride solid?
Steamy fumes
35
What observations take place when a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid are added to bromide solid?
Steamy fumes, brown vapour
36
What observations take place when a few drops of concentrated sulphuric acid are added to iodide solid?
Steamy fumes, purple vapour, black solid, yellow solid
37
What observations take place when chloride solution is combined with aqueous chlorine?
No reaction, pale green solution
38
What observations take place when bromide solution is combined with aqueous chlorine?
Red-brown solution, yellow-orange organic layer
39
What observations take place when iodide solution is combined with aqueous chlorine?
Brown solution, black solid, purple organic layer
40
What observations take place when chloride solution is combined with aqueous bromine?
No reaction, pale red-brown solution
41
What observations take place when bromide solution is combined with aqueous bromine?
No reaction, pale red-brown solution
42
What observations take place when iodide solution is combined with aqueous bromine?
Brown solution, black solid, purple organic layer
43
What observations take place when chloride solution is combined with aqueous iodine?
No reaction, brown solution
44
What observations take place when bromide solution is combined with aqueous iodine?
No reaction, brown solution
45
What observations take place when iodide solution is combined with aqueous iodine?
No reaction, brown solution
46
How would you identify an alkene?
Shake with bromine water and see a yellow solution is decolorised
47
How would you identify a phenol?
Shake with bromine water and see a white precipitate also formed
48
How would you identify a primary or secondary alcohol or an aldehyde?
Warm with aqueous, acidified potassium dichromate and see an orange to green solution
49
How would you identify a chloroalkane, bromoalkane or iodoalkane?
Warm with ethanol and aqueous silver nitrate and observe a white precipitate, cream precipitate or yellow precipitate
50
How would you identify the OH group in alcohols and carboxylic acids?
Mix with phosphorus chloride and see steamy fumes that turn damp blue litmus paper red
51
How would you identify the C=O group in aldehydes and ketones?
Mix with 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine solution and see an orange precipitate formed
52
How would you identify an aldehyde (with a method that forms a precipitate)
Heat with Fehling’s solution or Benedict’s solution to form a red precipitate
53
How would you identify an aldehyde (with a method that doesn’t form a precipitate)
Warm with Tollens’ reagent (ammoniacal silver nitrate) and observe a silver mirror
54
How could you identify a methyl ketone, ethanal methyl, secondary alcohol or ethanol?
Mix with iodine in alkaline solution to form a pale yellow precipitate
55
How could you identify a carboxylic acid?
Warm with ethanol and a few drops of concentrated sulfuric acid and pour reaction mixture into sodium carbonate to observe an ester, glue-like smell
56

Chemistry (4 decks)

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