Chem quiz 4 Flashcards
Name the 2 types of cracking
Catalytic cracking and steam cracking
Describe what occurs during cracking
A long hydrocarbon is broken down into smaller hydrocarbons
Name the process used to separate compounds in crude oil
Fractional distillation
Define combustion
The reaction of a fuel with oxygen
Give a use of alkenes
As a starting material to make more useful chemicals like polymers
Give 3 examples of materials produced by the petrochemical industry from the products of fractional distillation
Solvents, lubricants, polymers and detergents
Compare the reactivity of alkanes and alkenes
Alkenes are more reactive than alkanes
Explain how different fractions are separated from crude oil
In fractional distillation
Crude oil is vaporised and the gases enter the fractionating column
There is a temperature gradient in the column
The gases rise up the column and condense at different levels based on their boiling points
Define finite resource
A resource that will run out
State the test and result for alkanes
Test: add bromine water
Result: colour changes from orange to colourless
Explain why cracking is important
Because there is a higher demand for fuels with small molecules
Define hydrocarbon
A compound made of atoms of carbon and hydrogen only
State the products of complete combustion
Carbon dioxide and water
State the general formula for alkanes
Cn H2n+2
