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Chemistry Quiz One > Chem Quiz 1 > Flashcards

Chem Quiz 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Parts of a cell

A

Plasma membrane
Nucleic acid (DNA and RNA)
Cytoplasm

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1
Q

What’s microbiology?

A

Study of small and single called organisms

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2
Q

Who first discovered living organisms under a microscope, Dutch merchant.

A

Antoine van Leeuwenhoek

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3
Q

What’s the battle over spontaneous generation and biogenesis

A

Can organisms arise from inorganics or do organisms arise from other organisms

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4
Q

What did Redi do

A

Meat and maggot experiment

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5
Q

What did spallanzani do

A

Repeated Redi but used hey

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6
Q

What did Louis Pasteur believe

A

Biogenesis. Organisms in the air get into the infusion and contaminate it

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7
Q

What did Semmelweis do

A

Used good hygiene to stop spread of disease. puerperal fever - pregnant women)

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8
Q

What did john snow do

A

Cholera in London, advent of epidemiology

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9
Q

What did Joseph lister do

A

Disinfection in the surgery room

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10
Q

Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch

A

Pasteur - fermentation = sugar — > alcohol w/yeast, beer disease caused by bacteria, stop w/pasteurization.

Koch - postulates. Confirming etiology of disease, 1st w/tuberculosis.

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11
Q

What are eukaryotic cells

A

Us!!!!!!

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12
Q

What are prokaryotic cells

A

Lack a nuclear membrane

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13
Q

What are some eukaryotes

A

Algae, Protozoa

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14
Q

What are some prokaryotes

A

Bacteria, archaea

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15
Q

What are some acellular organisms

A

Viruses, prions

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16
Q

What did Paul Erich do

A

Used an inorganic compound, one was arsenic (as therapies)

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17
Q

What did Alexander Fleming

A

Discovered certain microbes will release chemicals to kill other microbes. Penicillin. Anti microbial enzyme lysozyme.

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18
Q

Immunology

A

The study of how eukaryotes defend themselves against pathogens

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19
Q

Edward Jenner…

A

Intro of cowpox vaccine to prevent smallpox (late 1700’s)

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20
Q

What else did Pasteur do….

A

Controlled produced of vaccine, take a pathogen and weakening it to use as a vaccine.

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21
Q

Von Behring and kitasato

A

What protected you was a protein. Discovered antibodies protect from disease. Diphtheria.

Short term Immunity by giving antibodies to unprotected people.

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22
Q

Atom…

A

Protons, neutron and electrons

23
Q

Molecules are….

A

Formed by bonds they are elements

24
Q

Covalent bond…

A

Sharing electrons, polar - unequal sharing, nonpolar - equal sharing.

25
Q

Hydrogen bond…

A

Between molecules, very weak.

26
Q

Acid

A

H+

27
Q

Base

A

-OH

28
Q

What’s an organic molecule

A

C covalently linked to h

29
Q

Inorganic molecules

A

C ionically linked to H

30
Q

Dehydration synthesis

A

Pulling water out. (Also knows as a condensation reaction) it’s endothermic

31
Q

Hydrolysis

A

Reverse of dehydration synthesis, it’s exothermic, also known as decomposition or degradation rxn

32
Q

Fats

A

1) glycerol

2) 3 fatty acids

33
Q

Saturated fat

A

All single bonds

34
Q

Unsaturated fat

A

Has double bonds

35
Q

Phospholipid

A

1) glycerol
2) 2 fatty acids
3) organic phosphate

36
Q

Waxes

A

1) alcohol

2) fatty acid

37
Q

Is agar a nutrient

A

No it’s just a gelling agent

38
Q

What type of cell is larger

A

Eukaryotic cell

39
Q

Which type of cell has a nucleus

A

Eukaryotic cell

40
Q

How is the shape of the cell determined in bacteria

A

Cell wall

41
Q

3 common morphological

A

1) cocci
2) rods (bacillus)
3) spirals

42
Q

What kind of stain has a positive charge…

What is stained…

A

A basic stain

The organisms is stained

43
Q

What kind of stain has a negative charge…

What does it stain

A

Acidic stain also called the negative stain

The background

44
Q

Heat fix

A

Heating the slide and bacteria

45
Q

Heat fixing is done only with what type of stain

A

Positive stain

46
Q

Incubation time

A

Time allowed for an event to occur

47
Q

This incubation time allows _______ to replicate and form a ______

A

Single microbes, colony

48
Q

Parts of the microscope

A 
Occulars
Objectives
Stage
Mechanical adjustments
Condenser 
Fine and coarse focus
Fine
49
Q

Agar melts at _____ and resolidify at ______ c

A

100, 42

50
Q

At what temp do you incubate

A

35c

51
Q

What’s resolution

A

Ability to see two items as two functions of wavelength and numerical apature

52
Q

Resolving power

A

Small rp is better than large rp

53
Q

To increase resolution

A

Increase the numerical apature or decrease wavelength

54
Q

Magnification =

A

Objectives x occulars

Chemistry Quiz One (1 decks)

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