Chem Notes Mod 3 Flashcards
What is crystalline
A material with a long range highly ordered lattice
What is Amorphous
This has no overall order in the extended structure
What is a molecule
Molecules are a collection of atoms bound together
What is a molecular substance?
Any substance composed of distinct molecules
Ionic Bonds
Ionic Bonds are formed by the attraction of ions with opposite charges
What are Ions bound together in?
The electrostatic force.
what is electronic force controlled by?
Coulomb’s law.
What is Coulomb’s law
This is the strength of the attraction where the smaller the distance and the larger the charges the stronger the force holding oppositely charged Ions Together
What is lattice energy
The sum of The Ionic Bonds in a lattice
What is cleaving?
When you break a crystal along a perfectly straight plane.
What is covalent Bond?
This is a type of bonding that occurs between electrons in one atom and the nucleus of another atom.
What is a double bond
The sharing of two pairs of electrons
What is a triple bond
The sharing of three pairs of electrons
What is Polyatomic Ions?
These are ions that are made up of Multiple Atoms
Define electronegativity
This is the numerical rating of an atoms ability to attract the shared electrons to itself
What is Polar covalent Bond?
This is the unequal electron sharing
Binary Ionic Compounds
These are composed of a metal and a non metal: adds ( IDE, as suffix)
Binary Covalent Compounds
These are composed of two nonmetals or metalloids, ( this uses the prefix to indicate how many atoms of each type are present)
What do intramolecular forces do?
They hold molecules together
What does the bond formation do ?
ALWAYS releases energy.
What does the breaking of a bond do?
It always Takes energy
In a Lewis dot diagram
The paired electrons are two electrons that are present on ONE SIDE
The Unpaired electrons are only one electron on one side.
What is a multiple bond?
This is when two atoms share more than one pair of electrons with each other.
What is a single Bond.
The sharing of one pair of electrons.
What prefix do the Acids with no oxygen atoms use?
HYDRO
What is the steric Number of an atom? .
The steric number of an atom is the number of electron groups around an atom.
Define the following FOrces
London forces: this is the weakest force there is, they occur between polar and non. Polar molecules
Dipole - dipole Forces: Attractive Forces between the positive end of one polar molecule3 and the negative end of another Polar molecule
Hydrogen Bonding: A weak bond between two molecules resulting from an electrostatic attraction between a proton in one molecule and an electronegative atom in the other.
What is single replacement
when One element replaces the other.
What is double replacement
This is when there is 2 products and 2 reactants
Define decomposition
This is when a compound breaks down into two simpler compounds
Define Combination
When two substances give rise to another substance
What is combustion
A reaction with oxygen and to give carbon dioxide and water.
What is precipitation
Results in a solid, liquid, or gas form.
what is solubility?
This is can be described as solid or a liquid form.
What is net ionic
This happens after striking out spectator ions.
What does VESPR stand for?
Valance shell electron pair repulsion theory.
Define Vaporization
When a liquid turns to a gas
Define Boiling Point
The temperature at which liquids boil
Define freezing point
The temperature at which liquids freezes
Define Sublimation
When a solid turns directly into a gas form.
