chem exam 1 Flashcards
1
Q
gas to liquid
A
condensation
2
Q
gas to solid
A
deposition
3
Q
liquid to solid
A
freezing
4
Q
liquid to gas
A
vaporization
5
Q
solid to liquid
A
melting
6
Q
solid to gas
A
sublimation
7
Q
giga (G)
A
1,000,000,000 10^9
8
Q
mega (M)
A
1,000,000 10^6
9
Q
kilo (k)
A
1,000 10^3
10
Q
hecto (h)
A
100 10^2
11
Q
deka (da)
A
10 10^1
12
Q
deci (d)
A
0.1 10^-1
13
Q
centi (c)
A
0.01 10^-2
14
Q
milli (m)
A
0.001 10^-3
15
Q
micro (µ)
A
0.000 000 1 10^-6
16
Q
nano (n)
A
0.000 000 000 1 10^-9
17
Q
sig fig w/ */
A
least precise measurement
18
Q
sig fig +/-
A
depends on # with decimal place in least accurate measurement
19
Q
atomic number, Z
A
equals portons
20
Q
mass number, A
A
protons + neutrons
21
Q
cation
A
a pos. ion
22
Q
anion
A
a neg. ion
23
Q
valence electrons
A
electrons in the outer most shell
24
Q
how to find valence electrons?
A
sub 10 from Z
25
mole
6.022 * 10^23
26
shorter wave length (high frequency) has...
higher energy
27
Pauli exchange principle
no 2 electrons have the same set of four quantum numbers
28
Hund's Rule
when filling orbitals that have the same energy, place one electron in each before completing pairs
29
Kr
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3s6 3d10 4s2 4d6
30
electrons in lower energy shell
core electrons
31
Cr configuration
[Ar] 4s1 3d5
32
Cu configuration
[Ar]4s1 3d10
33
ionization energy
minimum energy needed to remove an electron from an atom or ion
34
electron affinity
energy is released when a neutral atom gains an electron
34
electron affinity
energy is released when a neutral atom gains an electron
34
electron affinity
energy is released when a neutral atom gains an electron
35
closer to fluorine (electron affinity)
larger the electron affinity will be
36
closer to fluorine (ionization energy)
smaller the ionization energy will be
37
smallest atomic radius
He
38
halogens
high electron affinity
39
isoelectronic
same electron configuration
40
7 elements that commonly form molecular elements
hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine
41
grams to moles
molar mass (g/mol)
42
moles to atom, ions, formula unit, molecules
avogradro's number, 6.022 * 10^23
43
s, p, d, f
s l=0, p l=1, d l=2, f l=3
44
rank orbitals by energy least-greatest
1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s 4d 5p 6s 4f 5d 6p 7s 5f 6d 7p
45
n=1 n=2 n=3 n=4 n=5
n=1 1s2
n=2 2s2 2p4
n=3 3s2 3p4 3d10
n=4 4s2 4p4 4d10 4f14
n=5 5s2 5p6 5d10 5f14 5g18
46
ml. s,p,d,f,g
s 0
p -1 0 -1
d -2 -1 0 1 2
f -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
g -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4
