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Chemistry > Chem E - Chemical Changes > Flashcards

Chem E - Chemical Changes Flashcards

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1
Q

What are displacement reactions?

A

When a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from an aqueous solution of one of its salts

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2
Q

What is produced when a metal reacts with oxygen?

A

Metal oxide

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3
Q

What is produced when a metal reacts with and acid?

A

Salt and hydrogen

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4
Q

What is the test for hydrogen?

A

Place a lighted splint, if we hear a squeaky pop then hydrogen is present

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5
Q

What is a base substance?

A

A substance which can neutralise an acid

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6
Q

What do you get when a metal carbonate reacts with acid?

A

Salt, water and carbon dioxide gas

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7
Q

What do you get when a metal oxide or hydroxide reacts with acid?

A

Salt and water

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8
Q

When would a metal displace the hydrogen in the acid?

A

If the Metal is more reactive than hydrogen

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9
Q

What is a base which is soluble in water called?

A

An alkali

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10
Q

What is a base which is not soluble in water called?

A

A base

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11
Q

What does insoluble mean?

A

Doesn’t dissolve in water

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12
Q

What does soluble mean?

A

Dissolves in water

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13
Q

Are metal oxides soluble on insoluble?

A

Insoluble

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14
Q

Are metal hydroxides soluble or insoluble ?

A

Soluble

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15
Q

Are metal carbonates soluble or insoluble

A

Most are soluble but a few are insoluble

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16
Q

Are metal oxides bases or alkalis?

A

Bases

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17
Q

Are metal hydroxides bases or alkalis?

A

Alkalis

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18
Q

What happens when an acid reacts with a base salt and water is produced?

A

Neutralisation (because water in a neutral substance)

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19
Q

What acid does hydrochloric acid form?

A

Chloride

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20
Q

What salt does sulfuric acid form?

A

Sulfate

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21
Q

What salt does nitric acid form?

A

Nitrate

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22
Q

What is pH 7?

A

Neutral

23
Q

What is pH less than 7?

A

Acidic

24
Q

What is pH more than 7?

A

Alkali

25
Q

Does a strong acid ionise fully or partially ?

A

Fully

26
Q

Does a week acid ionise fully or partially ?

A

Partially

27
Q

What is oxidisation

A

Gain of oxygen or loss of electrons

28
Q

What is reduction ?

A

Loss of oxygen or gain of electrons

29
Q

What is the order of the reactivity series ?

A

Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
Carbon
Zinc
Iron
Copper
Silver
Gold
Platinum

30
Q

What ions do metals produce, positive or negative?

A

Positive

31
Q

Acid + base —>

A

Salt + water

32
Q

Metal + oxygen —>

A

Metal oxide

33
Q

Metal + acid —>

A

Salt + hydrogen

34
Q

Metal + water —>

A

Alkali + hydrogen

35
Q

Acid + metal carbonate —>

A

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

36
Q

What is a metal ore ?

A

A rock with enough metal in it worth extracting

37
Q

How can metals less reactive then carbon be extracted ?

A

By using carbon

38
Q

How does the reactivity of a meter affect how a reaction occurs?

A

The more reactive the reaction the quicker and more violent it occurs

39
Q

How does the reactivity of a meter affect how a reaction occurs?

A

The more reactive the reaction the quicker and more violent it occurs

40
Q

Which metals do not react with acid?

A

Metals below H2

41
Q

What gas is formed when group 1 metals react with water?

A

Hydrogen

42
Q

How are unreactive metals found in earth? Why?

A

In their natural state because they are unreactive

43
Q

How are metals more reactive than carbon extracted?

A

By electrolysis

44
Q

What is the equation for a neutralisation reaction?

A

Base + acid —> salt + water

45
Q

What is a redox reaction ?

A

A reaction where both oxidation and reduction occurs

46
Q

What happens to the PH as H+ increases?

A

The PH decreases

47
Q

What is a concentrated acid?

A

A concentrated acid has more moles of Ovid per unit volume than a dilute

48
Q

As the pH is decreases by one unit, what change is seen in the hydrogen ion concentration ?

A

Increases by a factor of 10

49
Q

Name the following salts:
LiNO3
K2CO3
MgBr2
BaSO4

A

Lithium nitrate
Potassium carbonate
Magnesium bromide
Barium sulfate

50
Q

What is electrolysis?

A

The passing of an electric current through ionic substances that are molten or in solution to break them down into elements

51
Q

What is an electrolyte ?

A

The liquid/solution which conducts electricity

52
Q

What is a cathode?

A

A negative electrode

53
Q

What is an anode?

A

A positive electrode

54
Q

What occurs at the cathode and what occurs at the anode during electrolysis?

A

Reduction occurs at the cathode
Oxidation occurs at the anode

Chemistry (5 decks)

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