chem chap 1

Question 1

What is chemistry?

Answer 1

Chemistry is a field of science that studies the structures, properties, compositions, and interactions between matters.

Question 2

What is nanochemistry?

Answer 2

Nanochemistry focuses on the learning and knowledge of synthesis and properties of particles in nanoscale (as tiny as 10–9 m).

Question 3

What are some fields combined in nanochemistry?

Answer 3

• Nanotechnology
• Biotechnology
• Chemistry
• Biology
• Physics
• Mathematics

Question 4

What are some applications of nanochemistry?

Answer 4

• Medicine
• Health
• Agriculture
• Electronics
• Sources and energy
• Manufacturing industry

Question 5

What is the origin of the word ‘chemistry’?

Answer 5

The word chemistry originated from the Arabic word ‘al-kimiya’.

Question 6

List examples of chemicals commonly used in food.

Answer 6

• Preservatives
• Colouring
• Flavouring
• Antioxidants
• Stabilizers

Question 7

List examples of chemicals commonly used in medicine.

Answer 7

• Antibiotics
• Antiseptics
• Vitamins
• Chemotherapy
• Analgesics

Question 8

What are some examples of careers in the field of chemistry?

Answer 8

• Doctor
• Pharmacist
• Biotechnology researcher
• Biomedical engineer
• Cosmetic chemist

Question 9

What is a scientific investigation?

Answer 9

A scientific investigation is a scientific method used in solving problems in science.

Question 10

What are the general steps in the scientific method?

Answer 10

• Making observations
• Making an inference
• Identifying the problem
• Making a hypothesis
• Identifying the variables
• Controlling the variables
• Planning an experiment
• Collecting data
• Interpreting data
• Making a conclusion
• Preparing a report

Question 11

What is the hypothesis in Experiment 1.1?

Answer 11

The increase in temperature of water will increase the solubility of salt in water.

Question 12

What is the purpose of a Chemical Safety Data Sheet (CSDS)?

Answer 12

A CSDS provides information about chemicals to assist consumers in managing the risks of using dangerous chemicals.

Question 13

True or False: Personal protective equipment is necessary while conducting experiments in the laboratory.

Answer 13

True

Question 14

Fill in the blank: All applications in the world of nanochemistry begin with the knowledge of _______.

Answer 14

[chemistry]

Question 15

What is the purpose of a data sheet in chemistry?

Answer 15

To give information about chemicals to assist consumers in managing the risks of using dangerous chemicals.

A data sheet contains complete information on chemical poisoning, management, storage methods, and emergency handling.

Question 16

What is personal protective equipment (PPE) and why is it necessary?

Answer 16

PPE is equipment worn to protect oneself from accidents in the laboratory.

Examples include safety goggles, gloves, and laboratory coats.

Question 17

List three types of personal protective equipment (PPE) and their functions.

Answer 17

• Safety goggles: Prevents dust or splashes from entering the eyes
• Gloves: Protects hands from injuries and chemicals
• Laboratory coat: Protects body and clothing from spills

Question 18

What is the function of a safety shower in the laboratory?

Answer 18

Used to wash and clean the body when a chemical accident occurs on parts of the body.

It is also used to extinguish fire on clothing.

Question 19

What are volatile substances and give an example.

Answer 19

Substances that easily convert to gas at room temperature. Example: Alcohol.

These substances can be hazardous if inhaled.

Question 20

Fill in the blank: Reactive metals like lithium should be stored in _______.

Answer 20

paraffin oil.

Question 21

What should be done with solid wastes like glass in the laboratory?

Answer 21

Disposed into special containers.

Question 22

True or False: Chemicals with a pH value of less than 5 should be stored in special locked cabinets.

Answer 22

True.

Question 23

What are the steps to take immediately after a chemical spill occurs?

Answer 23

• Inform the teacher or laboratory assistant
• Prohibit entry to the accident site
• Stop the spill from spreading
• Clean the chemical spill
• Dispose of the spill correctly

Question 24

What is the significance of proper disposal of chemicals?

Answer 24

Prevents environmental pollution and protects flora, fauna, and human health.

Improper disposal can lead to serious consequences.

Question 25

What are the symptoms of mercury poisoning?

Answer 25

• Nausea
• Coughing
• Vomiting
• Diarrhoea
• Chest pain
• Sore throat
• Difficulty in breathing
• Headache
• Eye irritation
• Vision problems
• Increase in blood pressure

Question 26

What is the correct procedure for disposing of high concentration hydrogen peroxide?

Answer 26

Dilute with water and add sodium sulphite for decomposition before disposal.

Low concentration hydrogen peroxide can be poured directly into the sink.

Question 27

List the methods used in the scientific investigation.

Answer 27

• Making observations
• Making an inference
• Identifying the problem
• Making a hypothesis
• Identifying the variables
• Controlling the variables
• Planning an experiment
• Collecting data
• Interpreting data
• Making a conclusion
• Writing a report

Question 28

What is the role of a fume chamber?

Answer 28

Designed for experiments that release toxic vapours or produce pungent smells.

Question 29

Fill in the blank: Chemicals should be _______ in their designated places according to their categories.

Answer 29

stored properly.

Question 30

What must be done with volatile waste substances?

Answer 30

Stored in closed containers away from sunlight and heat.

Question 31

What are the safety measures for handling mercury spills?

Answer 31

• Inform the teacher
• Prohibit access to the area
• Sprinkle sulphur powder on the spill
• Contact the Fire and Rescue Department