Chem Ch 1-3 Test

Question 1

Definition of chemistry

Answer 1

the study of the composition of materials and the changes that these materials undergo

Question 2

types of chemistry

Answer 2

analytical, physical, biochemistry, organic, and inorganic

Question 3

analytical chemistry

Answer 3

answers questions about composition

Question 4

physical chemistry

Answer 4

deals with energy transfers in chemical processes

Question 5

biochemistry

Answer 5

deals with the analysis of chemical processes in living things

Question 6

organic chemistry

Answer 6

study of carbon containing molecules

Question 7

inorganic chemistry

Answer 7

study of the chemistry of nonliving things

Question 8

steps of scientific method

Answer 8

1 state the problem
2 make observations
3 form a hypothesis
4 perform an experiment
5 make observations
6 develop a theory
7 modify theory
8 develop a scientific law

Question 9

theory

Answer 9

a well tested explanation for observations

Question 10

scientific law

Answer 10

a summary of many observations and experiments

Question 11

Matter

Answer 11

anything that has mass and volume

Question 12

quantitative descriptions

Answer 12

requires measurements

Question 13

mass

Answer 13

amount of matter, measured in grams

Question 14

volume

Answer 14

amount of space an object occupies

Question 15

qualitative descriptions

Answer 15

descriptions, not measured

Question 16

two types of matter

Answer 16

pure substances, mixtures

Question 17

pure substances

Answer 17

can write a chemical formula

Question 18

mixtures

Answer 18

variable ratio

Question 19

two kinds of pure substances

Answer 19

element, compound

Question 20

element

Answer 20

one type of atom

Question 21

compound

Answer 21

two or more different atoms chemically bonded

Question 22

two types of mixtures

Answer 22

homogeneous/heterogeneous

Question 23

homogeneous

Answer 23

the same throughout; dissolved (saltwater)

Question 24

heterogeneous

Answer 24

the sample may be different depending where you take it in the container

Question 25

Three states of matter

Answer 25

solid, liquid, gas

Question 26

solid

Answer 26

rigid shape, incompressible, fixed volume, usually particles tightly packed and organized

Question 27

liquid

Answer 27

indefinite shape but fixed volume, incompressible flows, usually less tightly packed than solids, less organized

Question 28

gas

Answer 28

indefinite shape and volume, flows, particles far away from each other, disorganized, compressible

Question 29

chemical reaction

Answer 29

a change in which new substances are formed

Question 30

reactant

Answer 30

a starting substance

Question 31

product

Answer 31

a result of the chemical change

Question 32

physical property

Answer 32

characteristics that describe a substance

Question 33

physical change

Answer 33

a change that does not effect the composition of the substance
reversible or irreversible

Question 34

chemical change indicators (5)

Answer 34

color change
change in temp
gas is produced
solid precipitate is formed
odor produced

Question 35

two ways to separate a mixture

Answer 35

filtration or distillation

Question 36

filtration

Answer 36

separates solid from a liquid

Question 37

distillation

Answer 37

liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is then condensed into a liquid

Question 38

chemical property

Answer 38

characteristics that refer to the ability to form new substances

Question 39

chemical change

Answer 39

a change which produces new substances (same as chemical reaction)

Question 40

Law of Conservation of Mass

Answer 40

Mass is neither created nor destroyed

During any physical or chemical change, the mass of the products is always equal to the mass of the reactants