chem C1 Flashcards
what is an element?
a substance with boy one type of atoms
what is a compound?
a substance with two types of atoms bonded chemically
what is filtration
separation of solids and liquids
what is evaporation
liquid to gas
what is chromatography
separation of two substances in a mixture
what is the solvent phase in chromatography?
when the substances rises (eg the water)
what is the stationary phase?
the chromatography paper
what is distillation?
distillation is the separation of two liquids with different boiling point’s
what was JJ Thomason’s discovery?
Plum pudding model, atoms are a positive charge with electrons around it
What was Rutherfords discovery?
the nucleus is small and electrons are far from the nucleus
What was Rutherfords experiment?
charged alpha particles through gold foil
What did Bohr discover?
Electrons are in shells
What is the atomic model development order
JJ Thompson, Rutherford, Bohr
What is atomic number?
number of protons/electrons
What is mass number?
number of protons + electrons
Do metals form positive or negative ions?
Positive
Do non metals form positive or negative ions?
Negative ions
why are metals more reactive as you go down the list?
The atomic number is bigger meaning there’s more shells meaning that the outer shell is further from the nucleus so the force of attraction is weaker
What are metals physical properties?
Shiny, strong, malleable, conducts heat and electricity, high melting and boiling point
What’s non metals physical properties?
Dull, soft, low melting and boiling point, poor conductor of electricity, low density
what are catalysts?
they speed up rate of reactions without being used up
why are alkali metals and halogens most likely to form ionic compounds?
Because alkali metals have 1 electron on the outer shell and halogens have 7 electrons on the outer shell
