Chem 7 Functional Groups

Question 1

Alkane

Answer 1

a saturated hydrocarbon

Question 2

Alkene

Answer 2

an unsaturated chemical compound containing at least one carbon–carbon double bond.

Question 3

Alkyne

Answer 3

an unsaturated hydrocarbon which has at least one carbon—carbon triple bond between two carbon atoms

Question 4

Aromatic Ring

Answer 4

hydrocarbons which contain benzene, or some other related ring structure

Question 5

Alkyl Halide

Answer 5

a group of chemical compounds derived from alkanes containing one or more halogens; classified according to the connectivity of the carbon atom to which the halogen is attached; primary (1°) haloalkanes, the carbon that carries the halogen atom is only attached to one other alkyl group; secondary (2°) haloalkanes, the carbon that carries the halogen atom has two C–C bonds; tertiary (3°) haloalkanes, the carbon that carries the halogen atom has three C–C bonds;

Question 6

Acid Anhydride

Answer 6

an organic compound that has two acyl groups bound to the same oxygen atom

Question 7

Acid Chloride

Answer 7

an organic compound with the functional group -CO-Cl

Question 8

Alcohol

Answer 8

an organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (-OH) is bound to a carbon atom;

Question 9

Aldehyde

Answer 9

an organic compound containing a formyl group;

Question 10

Amide

Answer 10

a compound with the functional group RnE(O)xNR’2 (R and R’ refer to H or organic groups);

Question 11

Amine

Answer 11

organic compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair; they are derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group; it is aliphatic if there is no aromatic ring directly attached to the nitrogen atom, and aromatic if there is; it is primary, secondary, or tertiary depending on the number of carbon atoms directly connected to the nitrogen atom; primary amines arise when one of three hydrogen atoms in ammonia is replaced by an alkyl or aromatic. Important primary alkyl amines include methylamine,ethanolamine (2-aminoethanol), and the buffering agent tris, while primary aromatic amines include aniline;

Question 12

Carboxylic acid

Answer 12

an organic acid characterized by the presence of at least one carboxyl group; general formula is R-COOH, where R is some monovalent functional group;

Question 13

Ester

Answer 13

chemical compounds consisting of a carbonyl adjacent to an ether linkage;

Question 14

Ether

Answer 14

a class of organic compounds that contain an ether group — an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups — of general formula R–O–R’

Question 15

Ketone

Answer 15

an organic compound with the structure RC(=O)R’, where R and R’ can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents;

Question 16

Nitrile

Answer 16

any organic compound that has a −C≡N functional group;

Question 17

Sulfide

Answer 17

is an inorganic anion with the chemical formula S²⁻;

Question 18

Thiol

Answer 18

an organosulfur compound that contains a carbon-bonded sulfhydryl (–C–SH or R–SH) group (where R represents an alkane, alkene, or other carbon-containing group of atoms);

Question 19

Phenol

Answer 19

Question 20

Benzoic Acid

Answer 20

Question 21

Benzoate

Answer 21

Question 22

Benzaldehyde

Answer 22

Question 23

Aniline

Answer 23

Question 24

Toluene

Answer 24

Question 25

Acetate

Answer 25

Question 26

Benzine

Answer 26

Question 27

Acetic Acid

Answer 27