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Science 10- Chemistry Midterm > Chem > Flashcards

Chem Flashcards

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1
Q

What subatomic particle does the atomic number represent?

A

Number of protons

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2
Q

If elements are in the same period, they have the same number of?

A

Valence shells

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3
Q

If elements are in the same group, they have the same number of?

A

Valence electrons

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4
Q

Compounds that involves the transfer of electrons are:

A

Ionic

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5
Q

Compounds that involve the sharing of electrons are:

A

Covalent

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6
Q

Ionic compounds consist of:

A

A metal and a non-metal.

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7
Q

Covalent compounds consist of:

A

A non-metal and a non-metal.

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8
Q

What are diatomic molecules and what do you need to know about them when writing chemical equations?

A

HOFBrINCL. They are a gas and there is two of them. Write like this: BR2, H2

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9
Q

Three defining characteristics of acids.

A

Conduct electricity

Taste sour (if safe to taste)

Can cause severe burns (strong acids)

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10
Q

What is an acids pH range?

A

pH<7

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11
Q

How can you tell if it is an acid, just by looking at the formula?

A

It will always start with a hydrogen.

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12
Q

Three defining characteristics of bases?

A

Conduct electricity

Taste bitter

Feel slippery

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13
Q

What is a base’s pH range?

A

pH > 7

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14
Q

How can you tell if it is a base, just by looking at its formula?

A

It will always end with OH.

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15
Q

What two elements are found in all organic compounds?

A

Hydrogen and carbon

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16
Q

In A + B > C + D, what are the products and what are the reactants?

A

C+D = products

A+B = reactants

17
Q

A reaction that requires energy to occur is known as an ______ reaction and feels ___________ to the touch

A

Endothermic, cool

18
Q

A reactions that produces energy when it occurs us known as an _________ reaction and feels _______ to the touch

A

Exothermic, hot

19
Q

What is the basic form of a combustion reaction?

A

CH4 + 2O2 > CO2 + H20

20
Q

What type of combustion occurs when there is a plentiful supply of O2?

A

Complete combustion

21
Q

What type of combustion occurs when there is a limited supply of O2?

A

Incomplete combustion

22
Q

What is the basic word equation for a neutralization reaction?

A

Acid + base > salt + H20

23
Q

What is special about a multi-valent element?

A

They are metals that are in the left side of the stair case. It’s an element that can take on more than one ionic charge.

24
Q

What are three identifying factors that determine is a reaction resulted in a physical change?

A

Change in size

Change in shape

Change in state

25
Q

Describe the indicators of a physical change.

A

Changes form but keeps its chemical composition, changes the way a substance looks, does not result in a new substance

26
Q

What are the 5 indicators that a reaction resulted in a chemical change?

A

Energy taken in it given off in the form of heat/light

Formation of gas bubbles

Formation of a solid (precipitate)

Change in colour

Formation of a different odour

27
Q

Describe the characteristics that determine whether a chemical change will occur

A

Something new is formed, starting materials change into something completely different., changes the way particles are linked together

28
Q

What is the basic premise of the conservation of mass?

A

In a closed system, mass of reactants equals mass of products

29
Q

What are three substances we can use to determine whether a solution is acidic or basic?

A
  1. Litmus paper
  2. pH paper
  3. Synthetic indicators
30
Q

What is meant by the rate of chemical reaction?

A

The rate of reaction is how fast a reaction happens

31
Q

What are three factors that influence the rate of reaction?

A
  1. Temperature
  2. Surface Area
  3. Concentration
32
Q

A group of charged elements that are covalently charged together

A

Polyatomic ion

33
Q

These elements have properties similar to both metals and non-metals

A

Metalloids

34
Q

A family of elements that are un reactive non-metals

A

Noble gasses

35
Q

A category of elements found on the periodic table that are lustrous, malleable, and ductile

A

Metals

36
Q

A family of elements that are generally soft solids and are very reactive with water

A

Alkali metals

37
Q

An element that can take on more than one ionic charge

A

Multivalent element

Science 10- Chemistry Midterm (1 decks)

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