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Natures Chemistry > Chem > Flashcards

Chem Flashcards

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1
Q

When a substance combusts, it reacts with …

A

Oxygen

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2
Q

C + O2 –> …

A

CO2

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3
Q

Write a balanced equation for the combustion of carbon.

A

C + O2 –> CO2

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4
Q

Write a balanced equation for the combustion of hydrogen.

A

H2 + 1/2 O2 –> H2O

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5
Q

What does a hydrocarbon produce when it combusts ?

A

Carbon dioxide + water

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6
Q

Crude oil is…

A

A mixture of many different hydrocarbons

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7
Q

What can the trend of melting and boiling points of the Fractions be explained by ?

A

Intermolecular forces

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8
Q

What does fractional distillation produce ?

A

Long chain hydrocarbons

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9
Q

What industrial method is used to produce a mixture of smaller molecules after fractional distillation ?

A

Cracking

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10
Q

Aluminium oxide
C18H38 —-> C10H22 + ……….
Catalyst

A

C8H16

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11
Q

In cracking, what allows the reaction to take place at a lower temp ?

A

A catalyst

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12
Q

A homologous series is …

A

A family of compounds with the same general formula and similar chemical properties

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13
Q

Name this alkane

     H. H. H. H
      I.  I.   I.  I
H-C-C-C-C-H
      I   I.   I.  I
     H. H. H. H
A

Butane

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14
Q 
Name this alkane 
                          H
                           I
                    H- C- H
            H    H     I   H
             I      I      I      I
        H-C - C - C - C-H
              I.     I.    I.    I 
             H.    H.  H.  H
A

2 methyl butane

C5H12

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15
Q

What is the formula mass of pentane ?

A

C5H12
= (12 x 5) + (1x12)
= 60 + 12
= 72 AMU

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16
Q

Write a balanced equation for the combustion of hexane

A

C6H14 + 9.5 O2 –> 6 CO2 + 7 H2O

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17
Q

Draw Propene

A 
H. H. H. 
      I.  I.   I.  
H-C-C=C
      I        I.  
     H.     H.
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18
Q

What is the general formula for the cycloalkanes ?

A

CnH2n

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19
Q

What is the general formula for the cycloalkenes ?

A

CnH2n-2

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20
Q

What is the general formula for the alkanes ?

A

CnH2n+2

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21
Q

What is the general formula for the alkenes?

A

CnH2n

22
Q

What are isomers ?

A

Compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formula

23
Q

Cycloalkanes and alkenes with the same number of carbons are….

A

Isomers

24
Q

Are alkanes saturated ?

A

Yes

25
Q

Are alkenes saturated ?

A

No

26
Q

What happens to bromine solution when an alkene is added

A

It decolourises

27
Q

What happens when an alkene reacts with hydrogen

A

An alkane is formed

28
Q

What is another name for alcohols

A

Alkanols

29
Q

Are alcohols soluble/insoluble in water ?

A

Soluble

30
Q

How could you distinguish an alcohol from another substance

A

It’s highly flammable and burn with a clean flame

31
Q

What do alcohols react with to produce an ester ?

A

Carboxylate acids

32
Q

What group does an alcohol have ?

A

Hydroxyl (-OH)

33
Q

Name the alcohol with seven carbon atoms

A

Heptanol

34
Q

What do carboxylate acids have in common

A

Graded physical properties such as me,ting and boiling points

35
Q

What’s the functional group in a carboxylic acid ?

A

Carboxyl (-COOH)

36
Q

What’s the ending of carboxylic acids

A

Oic

37
Q

Name a carboxylic acid with 5 carbon atoms

A

Pentanoic acid

38
Q

What is the chemical name for vinegar

A

Ethanoic acid

39
Q

What is vinegar used for

A

Cleaner
Food preservative
Food flavouring

40
Q

pH level of carboxylic acid

A

<7

41
Q

What is the ester group

A

COO

42
Q

How are esters formed

A

By a reaction between an alcohol and a carboxylic acid

43
Q

Uses of esters

A

Food flavouring
Industrial solvents
Fragrances
Materials

44
Q

How is the ester link formed

A

By the reaction of a carboxyl group and a hydroxyl group

45
Q

What type of reaction is the burning of fuel

A

Exothermic

46
Q

What does a substance react with when it burns

A

Oxygen

47
Q

Give another word for burning

A

Combustion

48
Q

What’s the energy change in an exothermic reaction

A

Chemical–> heat

49
Q

What’s the energy change in an endothermic reaction

A

Heat–> chemical

50
Q

What equation is uses to calculate the quantity of heat energy produced from a reaction

A

E = m X c X 🔼t

51
Q

How can u distinguish a carboxylic acid from another substance

A

pH <7

52
Q

How do you distinguish an alkene from another substance

A

It decolourises bromine solution

Natures Chemistry (1 decks)

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