chem 4 Flashcards
What is light and how is it produced?
light is generated by movement like vibration from electrically charged particles
define ground state
The state at which electrons are normally found at
define excited state
The state where electrons are found when they go up energy levels when it absorbs energythe energy of an atom or another particle that is higher than the ground state
When atoms gain energy, their electrons move to _________ energy levels.
higher
When atoms lose energy, their electrons move to _________ energy levels.
lower
What happens when an atom absorbs a photon of light?
the electron moves to a higher level
How does an excited electron return to ground state and what is the result?
the electron has to release the energy that is stored and from that the released energy could be transferred to another particle
What is the atomic emission spectrum?
the pattern of lines formed when light passes through a prism to separate it into the different frequencies of light it contains
How can gasses be identified in the stars?
from the lines they find in the stars spectrum
What do spectral lines on an atomic emission spectrum represent?
atoms and molecules
What is the photoelectric effect?
when light hits a material it causes the the emission of electrons
What is the wave-particle duality?
a photon can act both as a particle and a wave
Aufbau Principle
Electrons occupy the lowest energy levels first
Hund’s Rule
Every orbital in a subshell is always singly occupied before any one orbital is doubly occupied.
If singly occupied, the spin of electrons must be in the same orbital are in the same direction.
Pauli Exclusion Principle
An atomic orbital may have at most 2 electrons
If 2, the electrons must have opposite spins (clockwise or counterclockwise)
Arrows represent the electrons
