chem 310 VIM 3 DEFINATIONS Flashcards
quantity
property of a phenomenon, body, or substance,
where the property has a magnitude that can be
expressed as a number and a reference
quantity value
value of a quantity value
number and reference together expressing
magnitude of a quantity
numerical quantity value
numerical value of a quantity numerical value
number in the expression of a quantity value, other
than any number serving as the reference
ordinal quantity
quantity, defined by a conventional
measurement procedure, for which a total
ordering relation can be established, according
to magnitude, with other quantities of the same
kind, but for which no algebraic operations
among those quantities exist
nominal property
property of a phenomenon, body, or
substance, where the property has no
magnitude
measurement
process of experimentally obtaining one or
more quantity values that can reasonably be
attributed to a quantity
measurement method
generic description
of a logical organization of operations used in
a measurement
measurement procedure
detailed description of a measurement
according to one or more measurement
principles and to a given measurement
method, based on a measurement model
and including any calculation to obtain a
measurement result
true value
true value of a quantity true value
quantity value consistent with the
definition of a quantity
measurement accuracy
measurement accuracy
accuracy of measurement
accuracy
closeness of agreement between a measured quantity value and a
true quantity value of a Measurand
measurement trueness
trueness of measurement
trueness
closeness of agreement between the average of an
infinite number of replicate measured quantity
values and a reference quantity value
measurement precision
closeness of agreement between indications or measured quantity
values obtained by replicate measurements on the same or similar
objects under specified conditions.
measurement error
measured quantity value minus a reference quantity value
reference quantity value
reference value
quantity value used as a basis for comparison with
values of quantities of the same kind
systematic measurement error
systematic error of measurement
systematic error component of
measurement error that in replicate
measurements remains constant or varies
in a predictable manner
measurement bias
bias
estimate of a systematic measurement
error
random measurement error
random error of measurement
random error component of measurement
error that in replicate measurements
varies in an unpredictable mann
repeatability condition of measurement
out of a set of conditions
that includes the same measurement procedure, same
operators, same measuring system, same operating
conditions and same location, and replicate measurements on
the same or similar objects over a short period of time
measurement repeatability
repeatability
measurement precision under a set of repeatability
conditions of measurement
measurement reproducibility
reproducibility
measurement precision under reproducibility
conditions of measurement
Type A evaluation of measurement uncertainty
Type A evaluation evaluation of a component of
measurement uncertainty by a statistical analysis of
measured quantity values obtained under defined
measurement conditions
Type B evaluation of measurement uncertainty
Type B evaluation evaluation of a component of
measurement uncertainty determined by means other
than a Type A evaluation of measurement uncertainty
standard measurement uncertainty
standard uncertainty of measurement
standard uncertainty measurement
uncertainty expressed as a standard deviation
combined standard measurement
uncertainty
combined standard uncertainty
standard measurement uncertainty that is
obtained using the individual standard
measurement uncertainties associated with the
input quantities in a measurement model
expanded measurement uncertainty
expanded uncertainty
product of a combined standard measurement
uncertainty and a factor larger than the number
one
coverage factor
number larger than one by which a
combined standard measurement
uncertainty is multiplied to obtain an
expanded measurement uncertainty
𝑼 = 𝒌 ∙ 𝒖c(smallC)
uncertainty budget
statement of a measurement uncertainty, of the
components of that measurement uncertainty, and of
their calculation and combination
calibration
operation that, under specified conditions, in a first
step, establishes a relation between the quantity
values with measurement uncertainties provided
by measurement standards and corresponding
indications with associated measurement
uncertainties and, in a second step, uses this
information to establish a relation for obtaining a
measurement result from an indication
calibration curve
expression of the relation between indication and
corresponding measured quantity value
metrological traceability
property of a measurement result whereby the result can
be related to a reference through a documented unbroken
chain of calibrations, each contributing to the
measurement uncertainty
verification
provision of objective evidence that a
given item fulfils specified requirements
validation
verification, where the specified
requirements are adequate for an
intended use
detector
device or substance that indicates the presence of a
phenomenon, body, or substance when a threshold
value of an associated quantity is exceeded
sensitivity of a measuring system
Sensitivity quotient of the change in an
indication of a measuring system and the
corresponding change in a value of a
quantity being measured
selectivity of a measuring system
selectivity
property of a measuring system, used with a
specified measurement procedure, whereby it
provides measured quantity values for one or
more measurands such that the values of each
measurand are independent of other measurands
or other quantities in the phenomenon, body, or
substance being investigated
resolution
smallest change in a quantity being measured
that causes a perceptible change in the
corresponding indication
detection limit
limit of detection
measured quantity value, obtained by a given
measurement procedure, for which the
probability of falsely claiming the absence of a
component in a material is b, given a
probability a of falsely claiming
its presence
measurement standard
realization of the definition of a given quantity, with
stated quantity value and associated measurement
uncertainty, used as a reference
international measurement standard
measurement standard recognized by signatories to
an international agreement and intended to serve
worldwide
primary measurement standard
primary standard measurement standard
established using a primary reference
measurement procedure, or created as an artifact,
chosen by convention
secondary measurement standard
secondary standard
measurement standard established through
calibration with respect to a primary measurement
standard for a quantity of the same kind
reference measurement standard
reference standard measurement standard
designated for the calibration of other measurement
standards for quantities of a given kind in a given
organization or at a given location
working measurement standard
working standard
measurement standard that is used routinely
to calibrate or verify measuring instruments
or measuring systems
reference material
RM material, sufficiently homogeneous and stable
with reference to specified properties, which has
been established to be fit for its intended use in
measurement or in examination of nominal
properties
certified reference material
CRM
reference material, accompanied by documentation
issued by an authoritative body and
providing one or more specified property values
with associated uncertainties and traceabilities,
using valid procedure
measurand
particular quantity subject to measurement
