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Chem 310 > chem 310 VIM 3 DEFINATIONS > Flashcards

chem 310 VIM 3 DEFINATIONS Flashcards

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1
Q

quantity

A

property of a phenomenon, body, or substance,
where the property has a magnitude that can be
expressed as a number and a reference

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2
Q

quantity value

A

value of a quantity value
number and reference together expressing
magnitude of a quantity

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3
Q

numerical quantity value

A

numerical value of a quantity numerical value
number in the expression of a quantity value, other
than any number serving as the reference

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4
Q

ordinal quantity

A

quantity, defined by a conventional
measurement procedure, for which a total
ordering relation can be established, according
to magnitude, with other quantities of the same
kind, but for which no algebraic operations
among those quantities exist

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5
Q

nominal property

A

property of a phenomenon, body, or
substance, where the property has no
magnitude

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6
Q

measurement

A

process of experimentally obtaining one or
more quantity values that can reasonably be
attributed to a quantity

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7
Q

measurement method

A

generic description
of a logical organization of operations used in
a measurement

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8
Q

measurement procedure

A

detailed description of a measurement
according to one or more measurement
principles and to a given measurement
method, based on a measurement model
and including any calculation to obtain a
measurement result

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9
Q

true value

A

true value of a quantity true value
quantity value consistent with the
definition of a quantity

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10
Q

measurement accuracy

A

measurement accuracy
accuracy of measurement
accuracy
closeness of agreement between a measured quantity value and a
true quantity value of a Measurand

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11
Q

measurement trueness

A

trueness of measurement
trueness
closeness of agreement between the average of an
infinite number of replicate measured quantity
values and a reference quantity value

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12
Q

measurement precision

A

closeness of agreement between indications or measured quantity
values obtained by replicate measurements on the same or similar
objects under specified conditions.

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13
Q

measurement error

A

measured quantity value minus a reference quantity value

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14
Q

reference quantity value
reference value

A

quantity value used as a basis for comparison with
values of quantities of the same kind

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15
Q

systematic measurement error

A

systematic error of measurement
systematic error component of
measurement error that in replicate
measurements remains constant or varies
in a predictable manner

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16
Q

measurement bias

A

bias
estimate of a systematic measurement
error

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17
Q

random measurement error

A

random error of measurement
random error component of measurement
error that in replicate measurements
varies in an unpredictable mann

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18
Q

repeatability condition of measurement

A

out of a set of conditions
that includes the same measurement procedure, same
operators, same measuring system, same operating
conditions and same location, and replicate measurements on
the same or similar objects over a short period of time

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19
Q

measurement repeatability

A

repeatability
measurement precision under a set of repeatability
conditions of measurement

20
Q

measurement reproducibility

A

reproducibility
measurement precision under reproducibility
conditions of measurement

21
Q

Type A evaluation of measurement uncertainty

A

Type A evaluation evaluation of a component of
measurement uncertainty by a statistical analysis of
measured quantity values obtained under defined
measurement conditions

21
Q

Type B evaluation of measurement uncertainty

A

Type B evaluation evaluation of a component of
measurement uncertainty determined by means other
than a Type A evaluation of measurement uncertainty

21
Q

standard measurement uncertainty

A

standard uncertainty of measurement
standard uncertainty measurement
uncertainty expressed as a standard deviation

21
Q

combined standard measurement
uncertainty

A

combined standard uncertainty
standard measurement uncertainty that is
obtained using the individual standard
measurement uncertainties associated with the
input quantities in a measurement model

21
Q

expanded measurement uncertainty

A

expanded uncertainty
product of a combined standard measurement
uncertainty and a factor larger than the number
one

22
Q

coverage factor

A

number larger than one by which a
combined standard measurement
uncertainty is multiplied to obtain an
expanded measurement uncertainty
𝑼 = 𝒌 ∙ 𝒖c(smallC)

22
Q

uncertainty budget

A

statement of a measurement uncertainty, of the
components of that measurement uncertainty, and of
their calculation and combination

22
Q

calibration

A

operation that, under specified conditions, in a first
step, establishes a relation between the quantity
values with measurement uncertainties provided
by measurement standards and corresponding
indications with associated measurement
uncertainties and, in a second step, uses this
information to establish a relation for obtaining a
measurement result from an indication

22
Q

calibration curve

A

expression of the relation between indication and
corresponding measured quantity value

23
Q

metrological traceability

A

property of a measurement result whereby the result can
be related to a reference through a documented unbroken
chain of calibrations, each contributing to the
measurement uncertainty

24
Q

verification

A

provision of objective evidence that a
given item fulfils specified requirements

25
Q

validation

A

verification, where the specified
requirements are adequate for an
intended use

26
Q

detector

A

device or substance that indicates the presence of a
phenomenon, body, or substance when a threshold
value of an associated quantity is exceeded

27
Q

sensitivity of a measuring system

A

Sensitivity quotient of the change in an
indication of a measuring system and the
corresponding change in a value of a
quantity being measured

28
Q

selectivity of a measuring system

A

selectivity
property of a measuring system, used with a
specified measurement procedure, whereby it
provides measured quantity values for one or
more measurands such that the values of each
measurand are independent of other measurands
or other quantities in the phenomenon, body, or
substance being investigated

29
Q

resolution

A

smallest change in a quantity being measured
that causes a perceptible change in the
corresponding indication

29
Q

detection limit

A

limit of detection
measured quantity value, obtained by a given
measurement procedure, for which the
probability of falsely claiming the absence of a
component in a material is b, given a
probability a of falsely claiming
its presence

30
Q

measurement standard

A

realization of the definition of a given quantity, with
stated quantity value and associated measurement
uncertainty, used as a reference

31
Q

international measurement standard

A

measurement standard recognized by signatories to
an international agreement and intended to serve
worldwide

32
Q

primary measurement standard

A

primary standard measurement standard
established using a primary reference
measurement procedure, or created as an artifact,
chosen by convention

33
Q

secondary measurement standard

A

secondary standard
measurement standard established through
calibration with respect to a primary measurement
standard for a quantity of the same kind

34
Q

reference measurement standard

A

reference standard measurement standard
designated for the calibration of other measurement
standards for quantities of a given kind in a given
organization or at a given location

35
Q

working measurement standard

A

working standard
measurement standard that is used routinely
to calibrate or verify measuring instruments
or measuring systems

36
Q

reference material

A

RM material, sufficiently homogeneous and stable
with reference to specified properties, which has
been established to be fit for its intended use in
measurement or in examination of nominal
properties

37
Q

certified reference material
CRM

A

reference material, accompanied by documentation
issued by an authoritative body and
providing one or more specified property values
with associated uncertainties and traceabilities,
using valid procedure

38
Q

measurand

A

particular quantity subject to measurement

Chem 310 (5 decks)

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