chem 310 VIM 3 DEFINATIONS

Question 1

quantity

Answer 1

property of a phenomenon, body, or substance,
where the property has a magnitude that can be
expressed as a number and a reference

Question 2

quantity value

Answer 2

value of a quantity value
number and reference together expressing
magnitude of a quantity

Question 3

numerical quantity value

Answer 3

numerical value of a quantity numerical value
number in the expression of a quantity value, other
than any number serving as the reference

Question 4

ordinal quantity

Answer 4

quantity, defined by a conventional
measurement procedure, for which a total
ordering relation can be established, according
to magnitude, with other quantities of the same
kind, but for which no algebraic operations
among those quantities exist

Question 5

nominal property

Answer 5

property of a phenomenon, body, or
substance, where the property has no
magnitude

Question 6

measurement

Answer 6

process of experimentally obtaining one or
more quantity values that can reasonably be
attributed to a quantity

Question 7

measurement method

Answer 7

generic description
of a logical organization of operations used in
a measurement

Question 8

measurement procedure

Answer 8

detailed description of a measurement
according to one or more measurement
principles and to a given measurement
method, based on a measurement model
and including any calculation to obtain a
measurement result

Question 9

true value

Answer 9

true value of a quantity true value
quantity value consistent with the
definition of a quantity

Question 10

measurement accuracy

Answer 10

measurement accuracy
accuracy of measurement
accuracy
closeness of agreement between a measured quantity value and a
true quantity value of a Measurand

Question 11

measurement trueness

Answer 11

trueness of measurement
trueness
closeness of agreement between the average of an
infinite number of replicate measured quantity
values and a reference quantity value

Question 12

measurement precision

Answer 12

closeness of agreement between indications or measured quantity
values obtained by replicate measurements on the same or similar
objects under specified conditions.

Question 13

measurement error

Answer 13

measured quantity value minus a reference quantity value

Question 14

reference quantity value
reference value

Answer 14

quantity value used as a basis for comparison with
values of quantities of the same kind

Question 15

systematic measurement error

Answer 15

systematic error of measurement
systematic error component of
measurement error that in replicate
measurements remains constant or varies
in a predictable manner

Question 16

measurement bias

Answer 16

bias
estimate of a systematic measurement
error

Question 17

random measurement error

Answer 17

random error of measurement
random error component of measurement
error that in replicate measurements
varies in an unpredictable mann

Question 18

repeatability condition of measurement

Answer 18

out of a set of conditions
that includes the same measurement procedure, same
operators, same measuring system, same operating
conditions and same location, and replicate measurements on
the same or similar objects over a short period of time

Question 19

measurement repeatability

Answer 19

repeatability
measurement precision under a set of repeatability
conditions of measurement

Question 20

measurement reproducibility

Answer 20

reproducibility
measurement precision under reproducibility
conditions of measurement

Question 21

Type A evaluation of measurement uncertainty

Answer 21

Type A evaluation evaluation of a component of
measurement uncertainty by a statistical analysis of
measured quantity values obtained under defined
measurement conditions

Question 21

Type B evaluation of measurement uncertainty

Answer 21

Type B evaluation evaluation of a component of
measurement uncertainty determined by means other
than a Type A evaluation of measurement uncertainty

Question 21

standard measurement uncertainty

Answer 21

standard uncertainty of measurement
standard uncertainty measurement
uncertainty expressed as a standard deviation

Question 21

combined standard measurement
uncertainty

Answer 21

combined standard uncertainty
standard measurement uncertainty that is
obtained using the individual standard
measurement uncertainties associated with the
input quantities in a measurement model

Question 21

expanded measurement uncertainty

Answer 21

expanded uncertainty product of a combined standard measurement uncertainty and a factor larger than the number one

Question 22

coverage factor

Answer 22

number larger than one by which a combined standard measurement uncertainty is multiplied to obtain an expanded measurement uncertainty 𝑼 = 𝒌 ∙ 𝒖c(smallC)

Question 22

uncertainty budget

Answer 22

statement of a measurement uncertainty, of the components of that measurement uncertainty, and of their calculation and combination

Question 22

calibration

Answer 22

operation that, under specified conditions, in a first step, establishes a relation between the quantity values with measurement uncertainties provided by measurement standards and corresponding indications with associated measurement uncertainties and, in a second step, uses this information to establish a relation for obtaining a measurement result from an indication

Question 22

calibration curve

Answer 22

expression of the relation between indication and corresponding measured quantity value

Question 23

metrological traceability

Answer 23

property of a measurement result whereby the result can be related to a reference through a documented unbroken chain of calibrations, each contributing to the measurement uncertainty

Question 24

verification

Answer 24

provision of objective evidence that a given item fulfils specified requirements

Question 25

validation

Answer 25

verification, where the specified requirements are adequate for an intended use

Question 26

detector

Answer 26

device or substance that indicates the presence of a phenomenon, body, or substance when a threshold value of an associated quantity is exceeded

Question 27

sensitivity of a measuring system

Answer 27

Sensitivity quotient of the change in an indication of a measuring system and the corresponding change in a value of a quantity being measured

Question 28

selectivity of a measuring system

Answer 28

selectivity property of a measuring system, used with a specified measurement procedure, whereby it provides measured quantity values for one or more measurands such that the values of each measurand are independent of other measurands or other quantities in the phenomenon, body, or substance being investigated

Question 29

resolution

Answer 29

smallest change in a quantity being measured that causes a perceptible change in the corresponding indication

Question 29

detection limit

Answer 29

limit of detection measured quantity value, obtained by a given measurement procedure, for which the probability of falsely claiming the absence of a component in a material is b, given a probability a of falsely claiming its presence

Question 30

measurement standard

Answer 30

realization of the definition of a given quantity, with stated quantity value and associated measurement uncertainty, used as a reference

Question 31

international measurement standard

Answer 31

measurement standard recognized by signatories to an international agreement and intended to serve worldwide

Question 32

primary measurement standard

Answer 32

primary standard measurement standard established using a primary reference measurement procedure, or created as an artifact, chosen by convention

Question 33

secondary measurement standard

Answer 33

secondary standard measurement standard established through calibration with respect to a primary measurement standard for a quantity of the same kind

Question 34

reference measurement standard

Answer 34

reference standard measurement standard designated for the calibration of other measurement standards for quantities of a given kind in a given organization or at a given location

Question 35

working measurement standard

Answer 35

working standard measurement standard that is used routinely to calibrate or verify measuring instruments or measuring systems

Question 36

reference material

Answer 36

RM material, sufficiently homogeneous and stable with reference to specified properties, which has been established to be fit for its intended use in measurement or in examination of nominal properties

Question 37

certified reference material CRM

Answer 37

reference material, accompanied by documentation issued by an authoritative body and providing one or more specified property values with associated uncertainties and traceabilities, using valid procedure

Question 38

measurand

Answer 38

particular quantity subject to measurement