chem 🧪 Flashcards
the branch of science concerned with the substances of which matter is composed, the investigation of their properties and reactions, and the use of such reactions to form new substances.
what is an atom?
the basic building block of all matter and chemistry
can combine with other atoms to form molecules
most of the atom is…
empty space
3 subatomic particles
- protons
- neutrons
- electrons
what forms to make the nuclei
protons and neutrons
protons have _ charge
positive
neutrons have _ charge
neutral
electrons have _ charge
negative
electrons are attracter to _ forces
positive
ordinary neutral atoms have a _ number of protons and electrons making them _
- equal
- neutral
Ordinary atoms that either gain or lose electrons are called _.
ions
if a neutral atom loses an _, it becomes a positive ion.
electron
if it gains an _ it becomes a negative ion.
electron
chemical atoms are made up of _ atoms
ONE type of
atomic number is equal to
protons in the nucleus
electron configuration
2-8-8-18
molecules are composed of _ joined by _.
atoms, chemical bonds
mass number
sum of the number of protons and neutrons
isotope
an element atom with the same number of protons but different neutrons
atomic weight
avg mass of an element’s atoms
(extremely close to the mass number)
what is radioactivity?
the breakdown/decay of unstable substances
unstable substances release radiation in the form of / particles or nuclear energy in the form of _ rays
alpha/beta
gamma
alpha particles have double _ charge
positive
alpha particles have _ ionisation ability but are _ penetrating
agonising
not
alpha particles have _ protons and _ neutrons
2, 2
