chem Flashcards
atoms and nucleus
What is the meaning of ‘atom’?
An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element.
True or False: The nucleus is located outside the atom.
False
What particles make up the nucleus of an atom?
The nucleus is made up of protons and neutrons.
Fill in the blank: The force that holds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus is called __________.
nuclear force
What is the electromagnetic force?
The electromagnetic force is a fundamental force that causes interactions between charged particles.
Which subatomic particle has a positive charge?
Proton
Multiple Choice: Which of the following particles is neutral? A) Proton B) Electron C) Neutron
C) Neutron
What is the charge of an electron?
An electron has a negative charge.
True or False: Electrons are found in the nucleus of the atom.
False
What is the primary role of electrons in an atom?
Electrons are responsible for chemical bonding and reactions.
Fill in the blank: The number of protons in the nucleus determines the __________ of an element.
atomic number
What is an isotope?
Isotopes are variants of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
Multiple Choice: Which particle is involved in forming chemical bonds? A) Proton B) Neutron C) Electron
C) Electron
What is the mass of a neutron compared to a proton?
A neutron has approximately the same mass as a proton.
True or False: The nucleus contains most of the atom’s mass.
True
Fill in the blank: The region around the nucleus where electrons are likely to be found is called the __________.
electron cloud
What determines the chemical properties of an element?
The arrangement of electrons, particularly the outermost electrons.
Multiple Choice: The strong nuclear force operates at what distance? A) Long range B) Short range C) Infinite range
B) Short range
What is the significance of the atomic number?
The atomic number identifies the element and equals the number of protons in the nucleus.
True or False: Electromagnetic force can attract and repel particles.
True
What is the role of neutrons in the nucleus?
Neutrons help stabilize the nucleus and reduce repulsion between protons.
Fill in the blank: The __________ force is responsible for the attraction between electrons and the nucleus.
electromagnetic
What is a cation?
A cation is a positively charged ion that has lost one or more electrons.
What is an anion?
An anion is a negatively charged ion that has gained one or more electrons.
Multiple Choice: The number of neutrons in an atom can vary, resulting in A) Ions B) Isotopes C) Molecules
B) Isotopes
What does the term ‘mass number’ refer to?
Mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom’s nucleus.
