Chem

Question 1

What is matter?

Answer 1

Anything that has mass and occupies space.

Question 2

What are the two main classifications of matter?

Answer 2

Homogeneous and heterogeneous.

Question 3

Define homogeneous matter.

Answer 3

Matter with a uniform composition.

Question 4

Give examples of homogeneous matter.

Answer 4

• Air * Steel * Saline solution

Question 5

What is heterogeneous matter?

Answer 5

Matter that can be physically separated.

Question 6

Give examples of heterogeneous matter.

Answer 6

• Blood * Dirt * Milk * Oil and water

Question 7

What is a pure substance?

Answer 7

Matter that cannot be physically separated.

Question 8

What are the two types of pure substances?

Answer 8

• Elements * Compounds

Question 9

What is a compound?

Answer 9

A pure substance that can be chemically decomposed.

Question 10

Give examples of compounds.

Answer 10

• Carbon dioxide * Salt * Water

Question 11

What is an element?

Answer 11

A pure substance that cannot be chemically decomposed.

Question 12

Give examples of elements.

Answer 12

• Oxygen * Gold * Hydrogen

Question 13

What are the three different forms of matter?

Answer 13

Solid, Liquid, Gas

Matter can occur in different forms depending on environmental conditions.

Question 14

What is the process of changing from solid to liquid called?

Answer 14

Melting

This process involves the transfer of energy in the form of heat.

Question 15

What is the process of changing from liquid to solid called?

Answer 15

Freezing

Freezing occurs when the temperature drops below the freezing point.

Question 16

What is the process of changing from liquid to gas called?

Answer 16

Vaporization

Vaporization occurs when the temperature rises above the boiling point.

Question 17

What is the process of changing from gas to liquid called?

Answer 17

Condensation

This process involves the release of energy as heat.

Question 18

What is the process of changing from gas to plasma called?

Answer 18

Ionization

Ionization involves adding energy to gas to form plasma.

Question 19

What is the process of changing from plasma to gas called?

Answer 19

Deionization

Deionization involves removing energy from plasma.

Question 20

At what form is water at normal temperature?

Answer 20

Liquid

Water is typically found in liquid form at standard temperature.

Question 21

What happens to water when the temperature is raised above its boiling point?

Answer 21

It becomes gas

Water vapor is the gaseous form of water.

Question 22

What happens to water when the temperature is lowered below its freezing point?

Answer 22

It becomes solid ice

Ice is the solid form of water.

Question 23

True or False: Matter can be transformed from one form to another without energy transfer.

Answer 23

False

Transformations of matter involve energy transfer in the form of heat.

Question 24

What are chemical properties?

Answer 24

Characteristics that describe how a substance interacts with other substances

Examples include reactivity, toxicity, and heat of combustion.

Question 25

Can the property of a substance be determined without changing its identity?

Answer 25

Yes ## Footnote This refers to the ability to analyze physical properties without altering the substance.

Question 26

What are physical properties?

Answer 26

Characteristics that can be observed or measured without changing the substance's identity ## Footnote Examples include boiling point, hardness, luster, and malleability.

Question 27

What are intensive properties?

Answer 27

Properties that do not depend on the amount of substance present ## Footnote Examples include boiling point, hardness, and density.

Question 28

What is the melting point?

Answer 28

The temperature at which a solid becomes a liquid

Question 29

What are extensive properties?

Answer 29

Properties that depend on the amount of substance present ## Footnote Examples include volume and weight.

Question 30

What defines a pure substance?

Answer 30

Matter with a definite composition and properties that cannot be separated by physical means ## Footnote Examples include silver, gold, oxygen, water, salt, and ammonia.

Question 31

What is an element?

Answer 31

A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means ## Footnote Elements are symbolized by one or two letters.

Question 32

What is the prefix for 10^-3?

Answer 32

Milli

Question 33

What is the prefix for 10^-6?

Answer 33

Micro

Question 34

What is the prefix for 10^-9?

Answer 34

Nano

Question 35

What is the prefix for 10^-12?

Answer 35

Pico

Question 36

What is the standard unit of length in the metric system?

Answer 36

Meter

Question 37

What is the radius of a hydrogen atom in meters?

Answer 37

1 Angstrom

Question 38

How many inches are in a meter?

Answer 38

0.0254

Question 39

How many miles are in a meter?

Answer 39

1609

Question 40

What is the radius of the Earth in meters?

Answer 40

6.38 x 10^6

Question 41

What is the distance between the Earth and the Moon in meters?

Answer 41

3.84 x 10^8

Question 42

What is the radius of the Sun in meters?

Answer 42

6.97 x 10^8

Question 43

What is 1 Astronomical Unit (AU) in meters?

Answer 43

1.5 x 10^11

Question 44

What is the distance of 1 Lightyear in meters?

Answer 44

9.46 x 10^15

Question 45

The meter is defined as 1/10 of the distance from the equator to the North Pole along a meridian passing through which city?

Answer 45

Paris, France

Question 46

What is the distance between two parallel marks in a specially made platinum-iridium bar used to define the meter?

Answer 46

The distance between two marks