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MIDTERM EXAM (d2) > CHEM > Flashcards

CHEM Flashcards

1
Q

refers to the state in a chemical reaction wherein the concentrations of the reactants and the products remain constant

A

Chemical Equilibrium

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2
Q

Chemical equilibrium is also called as ___ ( in which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are the same)

A

Dynamic Equilibrium

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3
Q

enables the commercial production of ammonia from combining nitrogen gas with hydrogen gas (important reaction)

A

Haber Process

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4
Q

In 1864, two Norwegian scientists proposed the law of mass action to explain why chemical equilibrium occurs

A

Cato Guldberg and Peter Waage

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5
Q

may shift in favor of either the reactants or the products depending on certain factors

A

Chemical equilibria

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6
Q

Factors that may influence chemical equilibrium

A

concentration, temperature, and pressure

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7
Q

describes the extent the reaction favors either the forward reaction or the reverse reaction at equilibrium

A

magnitude of K

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8
Q

direction of the reaction that is favored can be determined by

A

obtaining Q and then comparing it to K

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9
Q

If the reaction quotient is smaller than the equilibrium constant

A

reaction shifts to the right side to give the products

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10
Q

equilibrium constant can be derived from the partial pressures of gaseous components instead of molar concentrations

A

gaseous mixture at equilibrium

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11
Q

one of the important concepts used in our everyday life, concepts of chemical equilibrium are applied to acid-base reactions

A

Acid-base

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12
Q

compounds that have sour taste

A

acids

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13
Q

compounds that have a bitter taste and slippery feel

A

Bases or alkalis

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14
Q

most vital chemical processes in both chemical and biological systems involve acid-base reactions in ____

A

aqueous solutions

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15
Q

formed when a proton is transferred to water (as a base)

A

conjugate acid

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16
Q

formed after a proton is lost

A

conjugate base

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17
Q

involve the transfer of protons from an acid to a base

A

neutralization reactions

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18
Q

can act as both a base and an acid

A

Water

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19
Q

measures how acidic or basic a substance is ; determined using a pH paper or a pH meter to express the acidity or basicity of a solution

A

pH scale

20
Q

helps us understand how substances can be used and handled due to their corrosiveness

A

pH of substance

21
Q

pertains to the amount of acid per liter of solution

A

Concentration

22
Q

different from a strong acid

A

concentrated acid

23
Q

gives the equilibrium position of its
dissociation reaction in aqueous solution

A

acid strength

24
Q

completely dissociated in solution at equilibrium

A

strong acid

25
Q

partially dissociated in an aqueous solution

A

weak acid

26
Q

acid containing one replaceable hydrogen ion

A

monoprotic acid

27
Q

acids that have multiple protonsa

A

polyprotic acids

28
Q

acid compounds wherein the replaceable hydrogen is always bonded to an oxygen

A

Oxoacids

29
Q

determined by the strongest substances in terms of their acidity or basicity

A

strength of the solution formed by salts

30
Q

break up into ions when dissolved in water

A

Salts or ionic compounds

31
Q

contains an electrolyte which conducts electricity and allows charges to move across the two solutions without allowing the solutions to mix

A

Electrolysis

32
Q

destruction of a metal surface

A

corrosion

33
Q

when the cell potential is positive

A

galvanic

34
Q

measured by its ionization constant

A

strength of a weak acid or weak base

35
Q

occurs in anode

A

Reduction

36
Q

occurs in cathode

A

Oxidation

37
Q

proton-donors

A

acids

38
Q

proton acceptors

A

bases

39
Q

occurs in galvanic cells

A

Electrolysis

40
Q

obtained by subtracting from the cathode half-reaction

A

Salt Bridge

41
Q

used as a measure of concentration of a solution

A

pH

42
Q

deals with interconversion of
electrical and chemical energy

A

Electrochemistry

43
Q

can be determined by Handerson-Hasselbach equation

A

pH of a buffer solution

44
Q

can be balanced by the change in oxidation state method

A

redox reaction

45
Q

compound can be an ___ or ____

A

electrolyte or nonelectrolyte

46
Q

produces the current obtained from cells and batteries

A

Spontaneous reaction

MIDTERM EXAM (d2) (1 decks)

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