Chem 110

Question 1

Chemistry

Answer 1

the study of matter and the changes it undergoes and considers both macroscopic and microscopic information

Question 2

Matter

Answer 2

anything that has mass and occupies space

Question 3

The five main disciplines of chemistry

Answer 3

physical chemistry, organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry and biochemistry

Question 4

A particle of matter that uniquely defines a chemical element

Answer 4

Atom

Question 5

A statement or conclusion that answers the original question or problem

Answer 5

Claim

Question 6

Scientific data that supports the claim

Answer 6

Evidence

Question 7

A justification that connects the evidence to the claim.

Answer 7

Reasoning

Question 8

A description of alternate explanations which provides counter evidence and reasoning why the alternate explanation is not the most appropriate explanation for the question or problem.

Answer 8

Rebuttal

Question 9

the several steps generally starting with observations, followed by making a hypothesis, running an experiment and drawing a conclusion

Answer 9

Scientific Method

Question 10

tentative explanation that can be tested by further investigation

Answer 10

Hypothesis

Question 11

well-supported explanation of observations

Answer 11

Theory

Question 12

a statement that summarizes the relationship between variables

Answer 12

Scientific Law

Question 13

a statement that is not scientifically provable

Answer 13

Belief

Question 14

a controlled method of testing a hypothesis

Answer 14

Experiment

Question 15

A single element or compound

Answer 15

Pure Substance

Question 16

a substance that is made up of only one type of atom

Answer 16

Element

Question 17

a substance that is made up of more than one type of atom bonded together

Answer 17

Compound

Question 18

a combination of two or more elements or compounds which have not reacted to bond together; each part in the mixture retains its own properties

Answer 18

Mixture

Question 19

a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout the mixture

Answer 19

Homogeneous Mixture

Question 20

a mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout the mixture

Answer 20

Heterogeneous Mixture

Question 21

the ability to do work or as the capacity to cause change

Answer 21

Energy

Question 22

a substance that is shiny, typically (but not always) silvery in color, and an excellent conductor of electricity and heat

Answer 22

Metal

Question 23

typically dull and a poor conductor of electricity and heat

Answer 23

Nonmetal

Question 24

The elements with properties intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals

Answer 24

Metalloids

Question 25

Elements adjacent to the bold line in the right-hand portion of the periodic table

Answer 25

Semi-metals

Question 26

an arrangement of the elements in order of increasing atomic number

Answer 26

Periodic Table

Question 27

consist of all the certain digits in that measurement plus one uncertain or estimated digit

Answer 27

Significant figures

Question 28

Error in a measurement

Answer 28

Uncertainty

Question 29

a factor used to convert one unit of measurement into another

Answer 29

Conversion Factor

Question 30

involves the use of conversion factors that will cancel unwanted units and produce the appropriate units

Answer 30

Dimensional Analysis

Question 31

Carry negative charges

Answer 31

Electrons

Question 32

Carry positive charges

Answer 32

Protons

Question 33

Used to accurately represent all of the experimental evidence about atoms in the simplest way possible

Answer 33

Atomic Model

Question 34

a type of natural radioactive particle, are positively charged particles with a mass about four times that of a hydrogen atom.

Answer 34

Alpha particles

Question 35

a positively charged region at the center of the atom

Answer 35

Nucleus

Question 36

holds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus

Answer 36

Strong Nuclear Force

Question 37

Neutral Charge

Answer 37

Neutron

Question 38

unit of mass equal to one-twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom

Answer 38

Atomic Mass Unit

Question 39

Number of protons in an atom

Answer 39

Atomic number

Question 40

Number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus

Answer 40

Mass number

Question 41

Mass number equals

Answer 41

Protons + Neutrons

Question 42

a one- or two-letter designation of an element

Answer 42

Chemical Symbol

Question 43

Positive Ions

Answer 43

cations

Question 44

Negative Ions

Answer 44

anions

Question 45

Atoms of the same element that differ in their numbers of neutrons

Answer 45

Isotopes

Question 46

weighted average mass of the atoms in a naturally occurring sample of the element

Answer 46

Atomic Mass

Question 47

the fraction of an element that is a given isotope

Answer 47

Relative Abundance