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Chem 110 > Chem 110 > Flashcards

Chem 110 Flashcards

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1
Q

Chemistry

A

the study of matter and the changes it undergoes and considers both macroscopic and microscopic information

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2
Q

Matter

A

anything that has mass and occupies space

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3
Q

The five main disciplines of chemistry

A

physical chemistry, organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, analytical chemistry and biochemistry

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4
Q

A particle of matter that uniquely defines a chemical element

A

Atom

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5
Q

A statement or conclusion that answers the original question or problem

A

Claim

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6
Q

Scientific data that supports the claim

A

Evidence

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7
Q

A justification that connects the evidence to the claim.

A

Reasoning

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8
Q

A description of alternate explanations which provides counter evidence and reasoning why the alternate explanation is not the most appropriate explanation for the question or problem.

A

Rebuttal

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9
Q

the several steps generally starting with observations, followed by making a hypothesis, running an experiment and drawing a conclusion

A

Scientific Method

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10
Q

tentative explanation that can be tested by further investigation

A

Hypothesis

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11
Q

well-supported explanation of observations

A

Theory

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12
Q

a statement that summarizes the relationship between variables

A

Scientific Law

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13
Q

a statement that is not scientifically provable

A

Belief

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14
Q

a controlled method of testing a hypothesis

A

Experiment

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15
Q

A single element or compound

A

Pure Substance

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16
Q

a substance that is made up of only one type of atom

A

Element

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17
Q

a substance that is made up of more than one type of atom bonded together

A

Compound

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18
Q

a combination of two or more elements or compounds which have not reacted to bond together; each part in the mixture retains its own properties

A

Mixture

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19
Q

a mixture in which the composition is uniform throughout the mixture

A

Homogeneous Mixture

20
Q

a mixture in which the composition is not uniform throughout the mixture

A

Heterogeneous Mixture

21
Q

the ability to do work or as the capacity to cause change

A

Energy

22
Q

a substance that is shiny, typically (but not always) silvery in color, and an excellent conductor of electricity and heat

A

Metal

23
Q

typically dull and a poor conductor of electricity and heat

A

Nonmetal

24
Q

The elements with properties intermediate between those of metals and nonmetals

A

Metalloids

25
Q

Elements adjacent to the bold line in the right-hand portion of the periodic table

A

Semi-metals

26
Q

an arrangement of the elements in order of increasing atomic number

A

Periodic Table

27
Q

consist of all the certain digits in that measurement plus one uncertain or estimated digit

A

Significant figures

28
Q

Error in a measurement

A

Uncertainty

29
Q

a factor used to convert one unit of measurement into another

A

Conversion Factor

30
Q

involves the use of conversion factors that will cancel unwanted units and produce the appropriate units

A

Dimensional Analysis

31
Q

Carry negative charges

A

Electrons

32
Q

Carry positive charges

A

Protons

33
Q

Used to accurately represent all of the experimental evidence about atoms in the simplest way possible

A

Atomic Model

34
Q

a type of natural radioactive particle, are positively charged particles with a mass about four times that of a hydrogen atom.

A

Alpha particles

35
Q

a positively charged region at the center of the atom

A

Nucleus

36
Q

holds protons and neutrons together in the nucleus

A

Strong Nuclear Force

37
Q

Neutral Charge

A

Neutron

38
Q

unit of mass equal to one-twelfth the mass of a carbon-12 atom

A

Atomic Mass Unit

39
Q

Number of protons in an atom

A

Atomic number

40
Q

Number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus

A

Mass number

41
Q

Mass number equals

A

Protons + Neutrons

42
Q

a one- or two-letter designation of an element

A

Chemical Symbol

43
Q

Positive Ions

A

cations

44
Q

Negative Ions

A

anions

45
Q

Atoms of the same element that differ in their numbers of neutrons

A

Isotopes

46
Q

weighted average mass of the atoms in a naturally occurring sample of the element

A

Atomic Mass

47
Q

the fraction of an element that is a given isotope

A

Relative Abundance

Chem 110 (1 decks)

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