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calculus > chem 1 exam > Flashcards

chem 1 exam Flashcards

1
Q

Scientific Method

A

A through series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data, forming a hypothesis, testing, and concluding.

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2
Q

Theory

A

A hypothesis that has been tested with a significant amount of data

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3
Q

Law

A

a descriptive statement or equation that reliably predicts events under certain conditions

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4
Q

Atom

A

smallest indivisible unit for an element

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5
Q

substance

A

a form of matter that has definite composition ad distinct properties
(CO2, NaCl)

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5
Q

Mixture

A

can be separated by physical means into its components without changing the identities of the components

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5
Q

molecule

A

consists of two or more atoms joined together by chemical bonds

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6
Q

Homogeneous mixture

A

uniform throughout

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7
Q

Heterogeneous mixture

A

not uniform

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8
Q

Solution

A

homogeneous mixture

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8
Q

physical property

A

can be observed and measured without changing the identity of the substance (boiling/melting point)

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9
Q

chemical property

A

one a substance exhibits as it interacts with another substance

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9
Q

Tera-

A

T, 10^12

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10
Q

Giga

A

G, 10^9

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11
Q

Mega

A

M, 10^6

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12
Q

Kilo

A

k
10^3

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13
Q

Deka

A

D
10^1

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14
Q

Hecto

A

H
10^2

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14
Q

Unit

A

1;base SI unit

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14
Q

Pico

A

10^-12

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15
Q

Deci

A

d
10^-1

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16
Q

Centi

A

c
10^-2

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17
Q

Nano-

A

10^-9

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17
Q

Micro

A

u
1x10^-6

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18
Q

Milli

A

10^-3

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19
Q

Atomic mass unit mass

A

1.66 x 10^-24 g

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20
Q

Atomic mass unit

A

used to express masses of atoms

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21
Q

C to K

A

K - 273.15

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22
Q

Liter

A

Volume

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22
Q

Fahrenheit to Celsius

A

F = (9/5) * C + 32

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23
Q

multiplying and dividing with SF

A

number with the smallest amount of sig figs in the og equations

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24
Q

1 kn to miles

A

1 km is .62 miles

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24
Q

1 lb to grams

A

454 grams

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24
Q

In to Cm

A

1 in = 2.54 cm

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24
Q

Addition/Subtraction with SF

A

the answer cannot have more digits to the right of the decimal point than any of the original numbers

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25
Q

Electron weight

A

9.10938 10^-28 g

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25
Q

Element

A

a substance that cannot be broken down into two or more simpler substances

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26
Q

Proton weight

A

1.67262 x 10^-24 g

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26
Q

Definite proportion

A

one chemical sample will be the same as another chemical sample
a chemical compound always contains the same elements in the same proportions by mass

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27
Q

Who discovered the Electron

A

Thomson

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27
Q

Neutron weight

A

SIMILAR TO PROTON

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28
Q

Proton Electron charge

A

Opposite of each other

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29
Q

Atomic number?

A

number of protons in the nucleus

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30
Q

Isotopes

A

have a different neutron number from their element

31
Q

Mass number

A

the total number of protons and neutrons

31
Q

Nucleons

A

protons + neutrons

32
Q

Diatomic

A

contain two atoms and may be either hetero- or homo-

33
Q

Ions

A

different charge from their element

33
Q

Heteronuclear

A

different atoms

34
Q

Super seven

A

Br, I, N, Cl, H, O, F

34
Q

Alkali metals

A

1A

35
Q

Homo nuclear

A

two atoms are the same

36
Q

Alkaline earth metals

A

Group 2A

37
Q

Mole mass

A

6.022 x 10^23

37
Q

Chalcogens

A

Group 6A

38
Q

Halogen

A

Group 7A

39
Q

Noble gas

A

Group 8A, has all eight electrons

39
Q

Transition metals

A

1B; 3B to 8B

39
Q
A
40
Q

Cations

A

postively charged ion

40
Q

Anion

A

negatively charged ion

41
Q

Mole defiintion

A

amount of substance that contains as many atoms as there are atoms in 12g of carbon 12

42
Q
A
43
Q
A
44
Q

Who determined the charge to mass ratio of electrons?

A

Thomson

44
Q

Solvent

A

liquid doing the dissolving

44
Q

dilution

A

preparing a less concentrated solution from a more concentrated one

45
Q

Who proposed the modern nuclear model?

A

Rutherford

45
Q

Who proposed the plum pudding model?

A

Thomson

46
Q

Who did the oil drop experiement

A

Milikan

47
Q

WHo did the gold foil experiment

A

Rutherford

47
Q

Who discovered the charge of the electron?

A

Milikan

48
Q

Who discovered the law of definition proportions?

A

Dalton

49
Q

Who dealt with cathode rays and electrons?

A

Thomson

50
Q

Who formulated atomic theory

A

Dalton

51
Q

1 calorie equals how many Joules?

A

4.184

52
Q

How many cal in a Kcal or Calorie

A

1000

53
Q

L = 0

A

s

54
Q

L = 1

A

p

55
Q

L= 2

A

d

56
Q

L= 3

A

F

57
Q

Kinetic energy

A

energy based on motion

58
Q

potential energy

A

based on position
chemical, electrostatic

59
Q

Joule

A

si unit of energy

60
Q

Wavelength/Frequency proportion

A

Inverse

61
Q

Constructive interference

A

adding in phase waves

62
Q

Destructive inference

A

adding out of phase waves

63
Q

Photons

A

particels of light

64
Q

When is an electron excited the most

A

energy state in which n > 1

65
Q

principal quantum number, n

A

describes size

66
Q

angular moment quantum number, l

A

shape

67
Q

magnetic quantum number

A

orentation, direction

68
Q

Pauli exclusion principle

A

no two electrons in an atom can have the same four quantum numbers

69
Q

Aufbau principle

A

states that electrons are added to the lowest energy orbitals first before moving to higher energy orbitals

70
Q

Hund’s rule

A

the most stable arrangement of electrons is the one in which the number of electrons with the same spin is maximized

71
Q

paramagnetic

A

one+ unpaired electrons

72
Q

DIAMAGNETIC

A

all electrons paired

73
Q

isoelectric

A

identical electron configurations to the noble gas to the right

74
Q

atomic radius

A

distance between nucleus and outer shell

75
Q

IE (ionization energy)

A

the minimun energy need to remove an electron from an atom in the gas phase

75
Q

sheilding

A

an electron is partially shielded from the positive charge of the nucleus by the other electrons

76
Q
A
77
Q

electron

A

the energy released when an atom in the gas phase accepts an electron

77
Q
A
78
Q
A
79
Q
A
79
Q
A
80
Q
A

calculus (2 decks)

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