Chelicerata Flashcards
Chelicerata
Spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions, horseshoe crabs
___ pairs of walking legs
4
2 segments:
Cephalothorax, Abdomen
Respiration via ___ or ___
Book lungs, Book gills
2 pairs of appendages at the mouth
Chelicerae, Pedipalps
__ Antennae
No
3 Extant classes
Xiphosurida, Pycnogonida, Arachnida
Xiphosurida
Horseshoe crabs
___, horseshoe shaped carapace with a long tailpiece called a ___
Unsegmented, Telson
___ pairs of walking legs and ___ pairs of abdominal appendages for ___
4, 6, swimming
Xiphosurida respire with ___
Book gills
Xiphosurida are __ for hundreds of millions of years
mostly unchanged
Only __ Xiphosurida genera survive today
3
Arachnida
Class of scorpions, ticks, and spiders
Arachnida breath with ___
Book lungs
Most Arachnida are ___
Predatory, Contain venom glands and stingers
Arachnida chelicerae modified into ___
Fangs
Order Aranae
Spiders
Araneae Chelicerae have ___
Terminal fangs connected to venom glands
Araneae are all ___
Predatory
Araneae respire via ___ or ___, some have both
Lungs, Tracheae
Araneae have an excretory system composed of ___
Malpighian tubules
Only __ have Malpighian tubules
Spiders and insects
Spiders have the ability to ___
Spin silk
2-3 pairs of ___ run to abdominal ___
Spinnerets, silk glands
Spider silk is stronger than ___ threads of the same diameter
Steel
___ of the silk makes it strong
Nanostructure
Web __ varies across species
Shape
Silk threads are useful for other purposes
Wrapping prey, lining nests
Most spiders are ___ to humans
Harmless
Venomous spiders typically ___
Only bite to defend themselves or their young
Spiders eat ___
insect pests
Some spiders are highly venomous
Black widow, Brown recluse, Funnel web
Order Scorpiones
Scorpiones
Scorprions have ___ tagmata
3: Cephalothorax, Preabdomen, Postabdomen
Final segment of ___ modified into a stinger in scorpions
Postabdomen
Order Acari
Ticks and mites
Cephalothorax and abdomen are ___ in Acari
Completely fused
Many ticks and mites have ___
Direct effects on health and food supply
Demodex
mange in dogs and cats
Ixodes
Carrier of Lyme disease
Sarcoptes Scabiei
Causes scabies
Myriapodia
Centipedes and milipedes
Myriapoda has numerous legs
~ 10 to 750
Myriapoda have ___ tagmata
2: Head and Trunk
Most or all trunk segments in Myriapods have ___
Paired appendages
Myriapods are ___ and they prefer a ___ environment
Terrestrial, humid
Myriapods can be found in
Moist soils, decaying biomass, and lead litter
2 classes of myriapods:
Chilopoda (centipedes)
Diplopoda (milipedes)
Chilopoda are somewhat ___
flattened
Chilopoda prefer ___
moist places; under logs, bark, stones, or damp areas in houses
All Chilopoda are ___
Carnivorous; They rely on venom to kill prey and most are harmless to humans
Chilopoda have ___ legs per trunk segment
On pair
Diplopoda are ___ bodied
Cylindrical
Diplopoda are ___
Herbivorous
Most Diplopoda feed on ___
Decaying plants, some feed on living plants
Each Diplopoda trunk segment has ___
2 pairs of legs
