Checkride

Question 0

What is the commercial fundamental privilege?

Answer 0

61. 113 - carry passengers or property for the compensation or hire
62. 147 - passenger carry flights for compensation for hire
    - any person operating a non-stop passenger carry flight for hire must comply with part 119.1, 135.1, or 121.1

Question 1

What requirements are needed to be eligible for a commercial certificate?

Answer 1

61. 123
    - 18 years old
    - Read, speak, and write English
    - Receive logbook endorsement from instructor who taught the necessary flight experience and ground knowledge
    - Hold at least a private pilot certificate

Question 2

What is SFAR 73?

Answer 2

• located first pages of part 61
• pertains to Robinson r22 and r44 aircraft
• designed because the r22 does not operate like a normal aircraft (low inertia rotors, very sensitive controls)
• SFAR 73 designed to make new pilots aware of the helicopter dangers
• must have an SFAR 73 endorsement in order to operate and log PIC in the r22 and r44

Question 3

Aircraft requirements to be legal to fly

Answer 3

• Airworthiness certificate
  - -must be visible to passengers in aircraft
  - -remains valid as long as aircraft receives required maintenance
• Registration
  - -state, valid 1 year
• Operating limitations
  - -limitations, operating procedures, performance, placards
• W&B
  - -specific to that individual aircraft

Question 4

Pilots requirements to be legal to fly

Answer 4

• on pilot = medical! pilots license! government issued ID
• flight review completed
• PIC Day: to carry passengers you must complete 3 t/o and landings in last 90 days in same class, type, and rating
• PIC Night: 1 hour after sunset to 1 hour before sunrise must have 3 t/o and landings in last 90 days, night t/o and landing work as day

Question 5

Commercial privileges

Answer 5

Student instruction 
Helicopter operations 
     --within 25nm of t/o airport, no more than 2 passengers, VFR conditions, heli used has met 100 maintenance, has the FSDO permission and flights do not secede 6 per every 12 calendar months 
Emergency mail service
Parachute drops--within 25nm of airport, with intent of parachute operations only 
Electoral figure transport
External loads
Ferry flight
Aerial operations
     --crop dusting, seeding, spraying
     --bird chasing
     --banner towing
     --aerial photography
     --fire fighting
     --helicopter operation or construction that does not involve transportation to or from the sight
     --power line or pipe line patrol
Sightseeing flights conducted in hot air balloon 
Training flights

Question 6

What is common carriage?

Answer 6

AC120-12A
Common carriage is anytime a pilot or business conducts all 4 of the following
-hold out to the public-stranger pays for service
-transportation
-flying place to place
-for hire

Question 7

What is private carriage?

Answer 7

• allows you to be contracted out and perform transportation of your contractor and cargo
• this only works if contractor owns their own helicopter and it is not rented out

Question 8

What needs to be logged in a maintenance record?

Answer 8

91. 417
    - A description of the work performed
    - Date
    - Certificate # and signature of whoever performed the work

Question 9

When is a 100 required?

Answer 9

91.409
Student training
Commercial ops carrying passengers or property

Question 10

Is it possible to fly past a 100 hour inspection?

Answer 10

91.409

Only up to 10 hours to transport the aircraft to a maintenance facility

Question 11

How far should a helicopter be from the nearest aircraft to avoid downwash damage?

Answer 11

AIM 7-3-1

3 rotor diameters

Question 12

If in ideal conditions what direction should the pilot pedal turn to align for landing?

Answer 12

Left pedal turn because left is the power pedal and if you have enough power to start the turn then the MR torque will be enough to stop the turn if needed.

Question 13

Describe why the r22 is de-rated power?

Answer 13

The r22 engine is capable of 180hp but to save weight Lycoming removed some cooling fins. This made it more susceptible to overheating Lycoming de-rated it to 145hp. Robinson de-rated it again to 145hp for 5 min and 131hp for MCP. This reduces engine stress and increase engine life also allowing for more “oops power”, increases altitude at full throttle

Question 14

What is ground resonance?

Answer 14

Phenomenon associated with fully articulated rotor systems. It develops when the rotor blades move out of phase with each other and cause the rotor disc to become unbalanced. This condition can cause a helicopter to self destruct in a matter of seconds

Question 15

How can ground resonance occur?

Answer 15

A rough landing with a fully articulated rotor system because of the lead/lag hinge. This could cause the three or more blades to become “out of phase” creating an unbalanced rotor system

Question 16

Do wheels affect ground resonance?

Answer 16

Wheeled type landing gear is more prone to ground resonance than skid type. This is because the wheels suspension will absorb the unbalanced rotation and increase the rotors unbalance

Question 17

Ways to avoid ground resonance

Answer 17

Slowly lower the helicopter to the ground, allow both landing gear to touch the ground simultaneous. Make sure ground resonance will not occur before rolling throttle off.

Question 18

How to recover from ground resonance

Answer 18

Immediately raise collective to get off e ground and allow the blades to realign