Check Your English Vocabulary For TOEFL

Question 0

______________ bringing much needed money to developing countries, tourism provides
employment for the local population.

Answer 0

As well as / Besides

Question 1

Tourism brings much needed money to developing countries. ______________, it provides
employment for the local population.

Answer 1

Furthermore / Moreover / In addition / What’s more (this is less formal than the other expressions)

Question 2

Tourists should respect the local environment. ______________ they should respect the local
customs.

Answer 2

Likewise / Similarly / In the same way (the verbs in both sentences – i.e., respect – are the same and refer to the same
thing, so we can use a word of equation here)

Question 3

______________ industrial waste, pollution from car fumes is poisoning the environment.

Answer 3

As well as / Along with

Question 4

In order to travel, you need a passport. ______________, you might need a visa, immunization
shots, and written permission to visit certain areas.

Answer 4

In addition

Question 5

Drugs are banned in Britain. ______________ weapons such as guns and knives.

Answer 5

Likewise / Similarly

Question 6

All power corrupts. ______________, absolute power corrupts absolutely.

Answer 6

Likewise / In the same way / Correspondingly

Question 7

You shouldn’t smoke, drink, take drugs, or eat unhealthy food. ______________, you should live a
more healthy lifestyle.

Answer 7

In brief

Question 8

The ozone layer is becoming depleted, the air in the cities is becoming too dirty to breathe, and our
seas and rivers are no longer safe to swim in. ______________ pollution is slowly destroying the
planet.

Answer 8

It can be concluded that

Question 9

Your grades have been very poor all year. ______________ you need to work really hard if you want
to pass your exams next month.

Answer 9

Therefore (To sum up, To
conclude and To summarize are usually used to conclude longer pieces of writing – e.g., at the end of an essay. Thus is
slightly more formal than therefore, but has the same meaning)

Question 10

The population of the country has trebled in the last 25 years.

Answer 10

There has been a dramatic increase in the number of people living in the country.

Question 11

Unemployment has dropped by about 2% every year for the last six years.

Answer 11

There has been a steady decrease in the number of people out of work.

Question 12

The government has spent a lot of money improving roads around the country.

Answer 12

There has been an improvement in the national road system.

opposite: deterioration

Question 13

The number of exam passes achieved by the school’s pupils has risen by almost 50%.

Answer 13

There has been an increase in the number of exam passes.

opposite: decline

Question 14

American travelers abroad have discovered that they can buy more foreign currency with their dollar.

Answer 14

There has been a strengthening of the dollar.

opposite: weakening

Question 15

It is now much easier to import goods into the country than it was a few years ago.

Answer 15

There has been a relaxation up of border controls.

opposite: tightening

Question 16

We’re increasing our stocks of coal before the winter begins.

Answer 16

We’re increasing/building up our stocks of coal.

opposite: running down

Question 17

Prices have gone up by about 4% every year since 1998.

Answer 17

There has been a constant rise in the rate of inflation.

Question 18

The pass rate for the exam was 3% lower this year than it was last year.

Answer 18

There has been a slight fall in the pass rate.

opposite: sharp

Question 19

The alliance are going to reduce the number of conventional weapons in their armed forces.

Answer 19

The alliance are going to decrease the number of weapons they have.
opposite: build up

Question 20

Deflation has adversely affected industries around the country.

Answer 20

There has been a decline in industrial activity.

opposite: growth

Question 21

The rules are much stricter now than they were before.

Answer 21

There has been a tightening up of the rules.

opposite: relaxation

Question 22

Last year, 12% of the population worked in industry and 10% worked in agriculture. This year, 14% of the population work in industry and 8% work in agriculture.

Answer 22

There has been a widening of the gap between those working in different sectors of the economy.
opposite: narrowing

Question 23

Some management roles in the company will not exist this time next year.

Answer 23

Some management roles are going to be phased out.

Question 24

More people are shopping at large supermarkets rather than small local stores.

Answer 24

There has been an downward trend in the number of people shopping in small local stores.
opposite: upward

Question 25

Her English is clearly better now than it was when she first arrived.

Answer 25

There has been marked progress in her English.

Question 26

People live in better houses, drive nicer cars, and eat higher-quality food than they did twenty years ago.

Answer 26

There has been a general improvement in the standard of living.

Question 27

Our company has opened new factories in Detroit, Houston, and Des Moines in the last five years.

Answer 27

Our company has witnessed considerable expansion in the last five years.

Question 28

The government will spend less on the healthcare services next year.

Answer 28

There are going to be cuts in healthcare spending next year.

Question 29

Americans nowadays want to see more of the world.

Answer 29

Americans nowadays want to broaden their horizons.

opposite: narrow

Question 30

The contrast / compare / comparison in working conditions between our Denver department and
our department in Chicago is very noticeable, and employees are now demanding equality in this
area.

Answer 30

contrast

Question 31

he two engines differentiate / differ / different considerably from each other: one runs on
gasoline, and the other is a gasoline-electric hybrid.

Answer 31

differ

Question 32

It is often difficult to differentiate / differ / contrast between students who are absent because
they are genuinely sick, and those who are just enjoying a day in bed.

Answer 32

differentiate

Question 33

The new software program shared some common characters / characterizes / characteristics
with those that were already on the market.

Answer 33

characteristics

Question 34

There’s a clear distinguish / distinctive / distinction between studying at a college and working
from home on a correspondence course.

Answer 34

distinction

Question 35

Compared / Compare / Comparing with 15 years ago, home PCs are cheaper, faster, and have a
much bigger memory.

Answer 35

compared

Question 36

The two courses are different in every way: there’s absolutely no compare / comparison / contrast
between them.

Answer 36

comparison

Question 37

Our digital photography course is similar to / alike / resemble our traditional photography course,
except that it is obviously more computer-oriented.

Answer 37

similar to

Question 38

There were several similarities / similarly / similar to between the two novels, except one was
aimed at a younger market while the other targeted twenty-somethings.

Answer 38

similarities

Question 39

Serious computer hackers can access your personal files and destroy or alter them. Exactly / In the same way / Just as, they can gain access to your Internet banking facility and steal your money.

Answer 39

in the same way

Question 40

The quality of his work is excellent. Likewise / Alike / Likeness, his attitude and commitment.

Answer 40

likewise

Question 41

The TOEFL covers a variety of academic and general English tasks. In contrast to / Although / By
way of contrast, the TOEIC focuses more on business and professional issues.

Answer 41

by way of contrast

Question 42

Grades have not been good over the last semester. Nevertheless / Even so / However, the
college still has one of the best academic records in the state.

Answer 42

Nevertheless / Even so / However

Question 43

There currently seems to be a large discrepancy / discrimination / differential between the
number of people employed in service industries, and those employed in the primary sector.

Answer 43

discrepancy

Question 44

The Impressionists used light and color to give the general feeling of a scene, unlike / whereas /
whereby the pre-Raphaelites used a lot of detail and bright colors, and showed a romanticized view
of life.

Answer 44

whereas

Question 45

. sa nlgo sa there is sufficient demand for healthy food such as salads and soups in the school
cafeteria, we will continue to provide it.
(Answer = As long as)
2. seusln I receive your assignment within the next couple of days, I will have to give you a lower
grade for the course.
3. Students may use the college computers for personal emails no incotnido atth they agree to give
up their computer if someone needs it for coursework.
4. Everyone should get a good mid-term grade vogrnipid ttha they hand in all their work on time.
5. The main retncopiinsod for a healthy economy are controlled consumer spending and low
unemployment.
6. (Notice on a fire alarm): ni eacs fo fire, break glass.
7. ni het nvete fo a tie between the two teams in tonight’s game, there will be a replay on
Saturday afternoon.
8. We agreed to sign the contract, the only aputonstili being that it would run for at least five years.
9. The teachers have nidncoalitoun trust in their students: they know they will do their best at all
times, even if things get difficult.
10. sumsagin hatt the flight is on time, we will meet you at LaGuardia airport at ten o’clock.
11. His argument was based no teh autonmsspi hatt people are basically decent and honest.
12. Good language skills are one of the quereesisitpr for a job in an international organization.
13. Before you accept a job, it is important that you agree with the remst and ioctnsodin set out in the
contract.
14. It is a nmreiretque of the college that students attend at least 95% of their course and complete all
their assignments on time.
15. If you have a query, please telephone us at the number above. niifagl ttha, send us a fax or email.
16. We need to involve at least 20 people on this project, ehewotris it can’t go ahead

Answer 45

1. As long as 2. Unless 3. on condition that (that = optional) 4. providing that (that = optional. We can also say
   provided that) 5. preconditions 6. In case of (note that in this particular expression, we do not say In case of a fire. In
   other situations, an article or pronoun would be needed after in case of) 7. in the event of 8. stipulation
2. unconditional 10. Assuming that (that = optional) 11. on the assumption that (that = optional) 12. prerequisites
3. terms / conditions 14. requirement 15. Failing that (that is needed here, as it refers back to the previous sentence.
   Failing that means that if the first option – telephoning us – is not possible, you should try the second option – send us an
   email) 16. otherwise

Question 46

1. action / activity
   The police took immediate ____________ when they realised the situation was getting out of hand.
   Economic ____________ stagnated as the recession took hold.
2. advice / advise
   Can you ____________ me on the best course of action to take?
   He offered me some excellent ____________ .
3. affect / effect
   Cuts in spending will have a serious ____________ on the healthcare services.
   The strike will seriously ____________ train services.
4. appreciable / appreciative
   There is an ____________ difference between manslaughter and murder.
   She was very ____________ of our efforts to help.
5. assumption / presumption
   They raised taxes on the ____________ that it would help control spending.
   It’s sheer ____________ for the government to suggest things have improved since they came to
   power.
6. avoid / prevent
   Rapid government reforms managed to ____________ a revolution taking place.
   He’s always trying to ____________ taking a decision if he can help it.
7. beside / besides
   The office is just ____________ the railway station.
   ____________ their regular daytime job, many people do extra work in the evening.
8. briefly / shortly
   ____________ before the conflict began, the army pulled down the border posts.
   The senator spoke ____________ about the need for political reform.
9. channel / canal
   The television ____________ received a formal complaint about the program.
   The Suez ____________ was built in the second half of the nineteenth century.
10. conscientious / conscious
    Most people are ____________ of the need to protect the environment.
    ____________ workers should be rewarded for their hard work.
11. continual / continuous
    A ____________ trade embargo has badly affected the economic infrastructure.
    The computer has given us ____________ problems ever since we installed it.

Answer 46

1. action / activity 2. advise / advice 3. effect / affect 4. appreciable / appreciative 5. assumption / presumption
2. prevent / avoid 7. beside / besides 8. shortly / briefly 9. channel / canal 10. conscious / conscientious
3. continuous / continual

Question 47

12. control / inspect
    Environmental health officers regularly ____________ kitchens and other food preparation areas.
    The government plans to ____________ the price of meat to make sure it doesn’t go up too much.
13. criticism(s) / objection(s)
    They didn’t raise any ____________ when we insisted on inspecting the figures.
    The government’s plan was met with severe ____________.
14. damage / injury / harm
    It was a severe ____________ which needed immediate hospital treatment.
    A lot of ____________ was caused to buildings along the coast during the storm.
    There’s no ____________ in taking a break from your job now and then.
15. discover / invent
    When did he ____________ the telephone?
    Did Alexander Fleming ____________ penicillin?
16. during / for / while
    Stores were closed ____________ the duration of the conflict.
    ____________ the transition from a dictatorship to democracy, the country experienced severe
    strikes and riots.
    The bomb went off ____________ the President was making his speech.
17. however / moreover
    The plan was good in theory. ____________, in practice it was extremely difficult to implement.
    The plan was excellent. ____________, it was clear from the beginning that it was going to be a
    success.
18. considerate / considerable
    He made a ____________ amount of money from his dotcom enterprise.
    She’s a very ____________ person, so she would never intentionally upset anyone.
19. intolerable / intolerant
    I consider his behavior to be quite ____________.
    The government is ____________ of other political parties.
20. job / work
    Everybody has the right to a decent ____________ with good pay.
    Following the recession, many people are still looking for ____________.
21. lay(s) / lie(s)
    The city of Quito ____________ near the equator.
    The manager made it clear he intended to ____________ down some strict rules.
22. look at / watch
    We must ____________ the situation in Lugumba carefully, and be prepared to act if violence flares
    again.
    We need to ____________ the problem carefully and decide if there is anything we can do about it.
23. permission / permit
    I’m afraid we can’t ____________ photography in here.
    They received ____________ to attend the sessions as long as they didn’t interrupt.
24. possibility / chance
    There is always the ____________ that the government will reverse its decision.
    If we act now, we have a good ____________ of finding a cure for the disease.

Answer 47

12. inspect / control 13. objections / criticism 14. injury / damage / harm 15. invent /
    discover 16. for / during / while 17. However / Moreover 18. considerable / considerate 19. intolerable / intolerant
13. job / work 21. lies / lay 22. watch / look at 23. permit / permission 24. possibility / chance

Question 48

5. priceless / worthless
   ____________ paintings by artists like Van Gogh should not be in the hands of private collectors.
   As inflation spiraled out of control, paper money suddenly became ____________.
6. principal(s) / principle(s)
   Many people refuse to eat meat on ____________.
   The ____________ of the college is an ardent non-smoker.
   The country’s ____________ products are paper and wood.
   Not many people are familiar with the ____________ of nuclear physics.
7. process / procession
   The ____________ made its way down the avenue.
   Applying for a visa can be a long and frustrating ____________.
8. raise / rise
   As prices ____________, demand usually drops.
   In response to the current oil shortage, most airlines plan to ____________ their fares.
9. respectable / respectful
   The delegates listened in ____________ silence as the chairman spoke.
   They want to bring up their children in an area which is considered to be ____________.
10. treat / cure
    Hospitals are so understaffed that they find it almost impossible to ____________ patients with
    minor injuries.
    They were unable to ____________ the disease, and hundreds died as a result.
11. subjective / objective
    Your report should be as ____________ possible: just present the facts and try to avoid saying what
    you think about them.
    The newspaper article was extremely ____________: the journalist more or less forced his own views
    and ideas on his readership.
12. disinterested / uninterested
    In order to end the dispute, we need some impartial advice from a / an ____________ third party.
    I thought they would enjoy my talk, but they were completely ____________.
13. imply / infer
    From what you just said, can I ____________ that you think I’m interfering?
    I didn’t mean to ____________ that you were interfering. I merely said that I needed a bit of time to
    myself.
14. complimentary / complementary
    In western societies, acupuncture and hypnosis are seen as ____________ medicines.
    All new students will receive a ____________ study pack and dictionary.

Answer 48

25. priceless / worthless 26. principle / principal / principal / principle 27. procession / process 28. rise / raise 29. respectful /
    respectable 30. treat / cure 31. subjective / objective 32. disinterested / uninterested or disinterested (it is a common
    misconception in English that disinterested cannot be used in the same way as uninterested when we want to say that
    someone does not find something interesting) 33. infer / imply 34. complementary / complimentary