ChatGPT Network + Questions

Question 1

What are the 7 layers of the OSI model?

Answer 1

1. Application
2. Presentation
3. Session
4. Transport
5. Network
6. Data Link
7. Physical

Question 2

What layer of the OSI model is responsible for routing?

Answer 2

Layer 3 (Network Layer)

Question 3

What protocol operates on port 443?

Answer 3

HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure)

Question 4

What is the primary function of the Transport Layer (Layer 4) in the OSI model?

Answer 4

It handles end-to-end communication, error checking, and flow control. Protocols include TCP (connection-oriented) and UDP (connectionless).

Question 5

What is the default subnet mask for a Class C IPv4 address?

Answer 5

255.255.255.0

Question 6

Which protocol is used to translate domain names to IP addresses?

Answer 6

DNS (Domain Name System), operating on port 53.

Question 7

What is the difference between TCP and UDP?

Answer 7

1. TCP: Connection-oriented, reliable, ensures delivery (e.g., HTTP, FTP).
2. UDP: Connectionless, faster, but does not ensure delivery (e.g., DNS, streaming media).

Question 8

What does NAT stand for, and what is its purpose?

Answer 8

NAT (Network Address Translation) allows private IP addresses to be translated to public IP addresses for outbound internet traffic.

Question 9

What is the primary function of VLANs?

Answer 9

VLANs (Virtual Local Area Networks) segment a network into different broadcast domains, improving performance and security.

Question 10

What is the main difference between static and dynamic routing?

Answer 10

1. Static Routing: Routes are manually configured.
2. Dynamic Routing: Routes are automatically learned using protocols like RIP, OSPF, or BGP.

Question 11

Which TCP/IP model layer is responsible for IP addressing and routing?

Answer 11

The Internet Layer (equivalent to OSI’s Layer 3, Network Layer).

Question 12

What is subnetting, and why is it used?

Answer 12

Subnetting divides a large network into smaller sub-networks, improving network management and reducing congestion.

Question 12

What is the function of a firewall?

Answer 12

A firewall filters incoming and outgoing network traffic based on security rules to protect the network from unauthorized access.

Question 13

What port is used by SSH (Secure Shell)?

Answer 13

Port 22

Question 14

What is the purpose of ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol)?

Answer 14

ICMP is used for diagnostic and error-reporting functions in a network, such as the ping and traceroute utilities.

Question 15

What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6?

Answer 15

1. IPv4: 32-bit addressing, supports about 4.3 billion addresses (e.g., 192.168.1.1).
2. IPv6: 128-bit addressing, supports a much larger number of addresses (e.g., 2001:0db8:85a3::7334).

Question 16

What is the purpose of ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)?

Answer 16

ARP resolves an IP address to a MAC address for communication within a local network.

Question 17

What is PAT (Port Address Translation)?

Answer 17

PAT allows multiple devices on a local network to share a single public IP address by using different port numbers for each session.

Question 18

What is the primary function of the Data Link Layer (Layer 2)?

Answer 18

It handles physical addressing (MAC addresses), error detection, and delivery of frames between devices on the same network.

Question 18

What is BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) used for?

Answer 18

BGP is a dynamic routing protocol used to exchange routing information between different autonomous systems (AS), typically on the internet.