Charts and Graphs Flashcards
Nominal
named categories Classification has no order Gender Race Political Party
Ordinal
Definite order but differences btw levels not assumed to be even Likert Scales Educational level Cancer stage Dyspnea Rating
Ratio
Even differences btw values where zero is defined
Ratio btw 2 values is meaningful
Height, weight, gait speed, ROM
Interval
even differences btw values
zero does not mean absence of measure
Temp
Descriptive stats
Used to describe disease or subject characteristics
- prevalence, incidence
- age, height, weight
1. Central Tendency - mean, median, mode
2. Variation - range, SD, Standard error of mean
Variation - Standard Deviation
Avg absolute distance of scores from the mean
Variation - Standard Error
Of the measurement = extent to which observed scores are distributed around the true score; error of repeated measure of 1 sample
Of the mean = estimate of SD of population, degree of error associated with repeated sampling
Significant Figures
# of decimal places Mean and SD with same number of decimal places
General rules for decimals and sig figs
2 decimal places for correlations
2 sig figs for percentages
Relationship message
Connection or correlation btw variables
Comparison message
Sets variables apart from each other Displays how the variables interact Line graph (over time) Bar chart (among items)
Rules for bar chart
Categorical on X axis
Quantitative on Y axis
No more than 7 #s on Y axis
Composition message
Collects different types of information in a whole; displays it together
Static info –> bar or pie chart
Change over time —> typically line graph
Pie chart
category distribution
only data adding to meningful wholes
Distribution message
Lays out collection of related or unrelated information simply to see how it correlates and to understand any potential interaction
