Charpter 2 Flashcards
The DAP
German workers party
Founded in Munich in February 1919
Hitler attended and joined in the 19th September 1919
Within two year Hitler had control of the DAP
How did Hitler reshape the DAP into the nazi party
Party policy
They opposed the weimar politicians, democracy, Jews
In January 1920 he became head of propaganda and he and drexler wrote the twent five point programme
He had a good personal appeal
Changed name to nazi party
Adopted the logo of the swastika
December 1920 they had the funds to buy a newspaper
July 1921 Hitler became leader of NSDAP
The sa
A paramilitary force formed by Hitler in 1921
Recruited from the unemployed, often ex soldiers
They paraded the streets as a show of force
They controlled crowds and subdued any opposition to Hitler
The ‘strosstrupp’ we’re trusted members of the SA which acted as hitlers bodyguards
The Munich putsch 1923
Causes:
- hatred toward weimar politicians
- growth of NSDAP, 50000 members by 1923
- influenced by Mussolini’s 1922 ‘march on rome’
- 1923 hyperinflation at its worse
- French occupation of the Ruhr
Why did it fail?
Ordinary citizens did not support as anticipated
Ludendorff released kahr lossow and Seisser (lack of communications) so that could notify the authorities and the German army was mobilised
Hitlers forces were outnumbered and outgunned
He could not take over the army barracks and they remained in the hands of army officers loyal to the government
Lack of weapons
He ordered the sa to rob two local banks and pay for volunteers supporters however these supporters didn’t have weapons
Consequences of the Munich putsch
Publicity
Proved the nazis had considerste support
Powerful as they were able to motivate large groups of people
Hitler was imprisoned
Did not achieve objective
The NSDAP was banned
Party reorganisation
Released from prison December 1924
The band on the NSDAP was lifted in February 1925
Gauleiters
The ss
The SS
1930- SA has 400000 members
Many of the SA were violent thugs and hard to control
While in prison the SA became loyal to rohm
Changes
He replaced rohm who was forced to find work abroad
He set up the ss which was a smaller group with specially selected people
He put himmler in control of them who expanded the ss to 3000 members by 1930
The banners conference 1926
Gauleiters local power was creating a split in the nazi party
Northern Gauleiters were socialists
Southern party leaders like hitler were socialists
Hitler called a conference at bamberg to address this split
Consequences of the bamberg conference
Hitlers control was now clear
Goebbels sided with hitler which angered strasser who was later murdered in 1934
The socialist policies were weakened which gave hitler more freedom to adopt any policies he liked
Why was there limited support 1923-29
Stresseman has restored economic stability
1925 Paul Von Hindenburg became president and he was respected
The Locarno pact, membership of the LON and the Kellogg briand pact
Wall Street crash 1929
In October 1929 share prices began to fall on the Wall Street stock exchange in New York
Failing shares meant people’s investments fell in value
Within a week investors had lost £4000 million
German banks were major investors in the us stock exchange and suffered huge losses People rushed to get money out which cause banks to run out of money German and American banks started to demand the return of money they had lent to businesses in industry and agriculture which meant many farms and industries had to cut back production or even close down Mass unemployment (5 million in 1932) and taxes went up, real wages in 1932 were about 15% lower than in 1928
In time of crisis people turn to extreme policies
Moderate parties refused to work together so the reichstag were unable to make policy
