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RAK > Charles II > Flashcards

Charles II Flashcards

1
Q

When was the restoration of the monarchy?

A

1660

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2
Q

What happened after the restoration of the monarchy?

A

English social life changed considerably

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3
Q

How different was Charles II from his father?

A

He was intelligent, gay and liked entertainment

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4
Q

What did Charles II support?

A

The newly established Royal Society

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5
Q

Why did Charles II support the Royal Society?

A

For the Advancement of Science

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6
Q

Who were the members of the Royal Society?

A

Sir Christopher Wren, Isaac Newton, John Milton, John Locke

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7
Q

In what year was Parliament called?

A

In 1661

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8
Q

How was the relationship between Charles II and Parliament early in his reign?

A

They agreed on most points

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9
Q

In what year was the Act of Uniformity passed?

A

In 1662

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10
Q

What did the Act of Uniformity change?

A

The Church of England was re-established and the Prayer Book was to be used in all churches

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11
Q

How was the religion in 1662?

A

All other forms of worship were forbidden

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12
Q

How were called the ones who didn’t attend the Church of England?

A

Dissenters or non-Conformists

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13
Q

Who was Charles’ first adviser?

A

The Earl of Clarendon

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14
Q

Who was the King’s second adviser?

A

Earl of Shaftesbury

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15
Q

By who was Charles influenced in his reign?

A

By the French king Louis XIV

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16
Q

In what years was England in a war with Holland?

A

1664 - 1667

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17
Q

What big disasters forced Enland to make peace during the war with Holland?

A

Plague and the Great Fire in 1666

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18
Q

What country did England gain during Charles’ reign?

A

New Amsterdam in America

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19
Q

How did Charles rename the New Amsterdam and why?

A

New York - after his brother James, Duke of York

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20
Q

Who did Charles II marry?

A

The Portuguese princess Catherine

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21
Q

What did Catherine receive?

A

Tangiers, Bombay as a dowry

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22
Q

What happened in 1670?

A

Charles made a secret treaty at Dover with Louis XIV

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23
Q

What did Charles promise Louis in the secret treaty in 1670?

A

That he will join France again in the war against Holland and declare himself a Roman Catholic

24
Q

What did Louis promise Charles in return?

A

money and help in case of trouble

25
Q

What happened in 1672?

A

Charles issued the Declaration of Indulgence without consulting Parliament

26
Q

What did the Declaration of Indulgence grant?

A

freedom of worship to everybody, freeing both non-Conformists and Roman Catholics from oppression

27
Q

Into what resulted the Declaration of Indulgence?

A

a storm of protest

28
Q

What happened with the Earl of Shaftesbury after the Declaration of Indulgence?

A

He started working against Charles II and built up a party in Parliament to oppose the king

29
Q

How was called the Earl of Shaftesbury’s party?

A

Country Party

30
Q

Why was the party called the Country Party?

A

Because it was made up of landowners, merchants and manufacturers

31
Q

How did opponents call the members of the Country Party?

A

the Whigs

32
Q

Where did they take the name the Whigs from?

A

From a group of wild Republicans in Scotland

33
Q

How was called the party of supporters of King?

A

Court Party

34
Q

Who were the members of the Court Party?

A

The nobles and the clergy

35
Q

How did their opponents call the members of the Court Party?

A

Tories

36
Q

Where did the name Tories come from?

A

It was after a gang of wild Irish rebels

37
Q

What document did the Parliament pass in 1673?

A

the Test Act

38
Q

What did the Test Act require?

A

All who held any government position be members of the Church of England

39
Q

What was one of the biggest achievements of the Parliament?

A

Habeas Corpus Act

40
Q

When was the Habeas Corpus Act?

A

1679

41
Q

What was the Habeas Corpus Act about?

A

Made it illegal to imprison a man without trial

42
Q

When did the real crisis for Charles II come?

A

1678

43
Q

What was the crisis in 1678 about?

A

The Parliament began to believe the stranger Titus Oates that the Catholics wanted to murder the King, make his Catholic brother a king and force everbody to become Catholic

44
Q

What did the Shaftesbury advice the King after the crisis?

A

To divorce his wife and marry another woman who would give him a heir

45
Q

What was the second advice of Shaftesbury to the King?

A

To declare his illegitimate son, the Duke of Monmouth, who was a Protestant

46
Q

Did Charles take any of the Shaftesbury’s advices?

A

No, he refused

47
Q

When did the Parliament introduce the Exclusion Bill?

A

1679

48
Q

What was the Exclusion Bill about?

A

It was supposed to prevent James from becoming king, bbecause he was a Roman Catholic

49
Q

What did Charles do to prevent the bill of being passed?

A

He dissolved Parliament and never called another

50
Q

What did Shaftesbury try to do after Charles dissolved Parliament?

A

He tried to rouse the country to a rebellion, failed and then fled to Holland

51
Q

What happened to Titus Oates?

A

He was imprisoned

52
Q

What did Charles make James do?

A

He made him to marry his elder daughter to William of Orange - Protestant and his younger daughter Anne to the Danish king Goerge - Protestant

53
Q

How were the four last years of Charles’ reign?

A

peaceful

54
Q

When did the Charles II die?

A

1685

55
Q

What did the Charles II do before he died?

A

Declared himself a Roman Catholic

56
Q

Who became king after Charles II?

A

His brother James

RAK (4 decks)

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