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Charles I > Charles I > Flashcards

Charles I Flashcards

1
Q

Expedition to Cadiz - English soldiers drunk after discovering local vats of wine.

A

1625

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2
Q

Naval expedition failed to reach to reach Spain; dispersed by violent storms in Bay of Biscay.

A

1626

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3
Q

England declare war on France

A

1627

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4
Q

Buckingham led expedition, lands on French Ile de Ré

A

1627

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5
Q

Troops return from La Rochelle without having fired shot

A

1628

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6
Q

James chose Puritan Abbot rather than Arminian Andrewes as Archbishop of Canterbury

A

1611

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7
Q

pro-Arminian William Laud promoted to Bishop of London

A

1628

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8
Q

pro-Arminian William Laud promoted to Archbishop of Canterbury

A

1633

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9
Q

York House Conference

A

1626

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10
Q

Parliament granted customs duties (tonnage and poundage) to Charles for just 1 year rather than customary lifetime grant. Also granted 2 subsidies - inadequate war

A

1625

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11
Q

Vote Charles 5 Subsidies

A

1628

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12
Q

Five Knight’s Case - challenged Charles’s right to collect Forced Loan of 1626/his right imprison them refuse - Lord Chief Justice found in Charles’s favour

A

1627

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13
Q

Petition of Right

A

1628:

. Arbitrary Imprisonment
. Arbitrary Taxation
. Billeting of Troops
. Martial Law

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14
Q

Three Resolutions

A

1629 -

. Promoted innovation in religion.
. Advised collection of Tonnage and Poundage
. Voluntarily paid customs duties

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15
Q

Book of Orders - Justices of the Peace (JPs) - to see that poor relief was effectively administered in the wake of 2 harvests - included a programme for famine relief. Supervision alehouses/repairing roads

. ‘perfect militias’

A

1631

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16
Q

Charles reissued the 1618 Book of Sports encouraging sports on Sundays. Hated by Puritans who were Sabbatarians

A

1633

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17
Q

Bishop William Juxon made Lord Treasurer

A

1636

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18
Q

Charles received first papal nuncio since the Reformation

A

1636

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19
Q

Refused to allow court mourning on the death of Protestant hero, King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden

A

1632

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20
Q

William Prynne, Henry Burton and John Batswicke

A

1637

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21
Q

Charles introduced new Prayer Book in Scotland.

A

1637

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22
Q

Rebel leaders signed National Covenant to oppose it. Then met in Glasgow Assembly and abolished episcopacy in Scotland.

A

1638

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23
Q

First Bishops’ War - showed Charles unable to raise/equip a creditable army without parliamentary sanction

A

1639

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24
Q

Pacification of Berwick - conceded Scots the right to a free church assembly and a free parliament

A

1639

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25
Q

Charles decided rule without parliament

Why was this a reasonable option

A

1629
Wars with France and Spain soon ber over
France (1629)/Spain (1630)

26
Q

Charles money making ventures 1630s

A

. Increase his income by 50% by 1637 decrease crown debt

27
Q

Financial Expedients

A

Forest Fines (1634 Onwards), Nuisances, Monopolies, Distraint of Knighthood

28
Q

Ship Money - extended from maritime/coastal counties to all counties
. Many of the sheriffs who collected Ship Money for the the King fought for parliament, as did half the towns that contributed most to the tax.

A

Even though England not at war. Nearly £600,000 raised in first 3 years of widened assessment.

29
Q

Hampden Case

A

Judge found in Charles favour but only by 7-5 majority.

30
Q

Crown remained under funded in 1630s

A

Charles did not attempt any real reform of money raising methods.

31
Q

The Short-Parliament - refused to grant any supplies until redress of grievances - Puritans were sympathetic to the Scots rebels.

A

April-May 1640

32
Q

Second Bishop’s War.

A

August-October 1640. English forces defeated at skirmish near Newcastle.

33
Q

Charles forced to agree to Treaty of Ripon

A

Scots to be paid £850 each day until settlement is made.

34
Q

Long Parliament

A

November 1640

35
Q

Charles faced with unanimous opposition gave concessions, last 2 months 1640

A

. Laud and Strafford impeached as evil counsellors
. Monopolists expelled from Commons
. Canons 1634 condemned
. Petition to Commons that episcopacy should be abolished ‘Root and Branch’

36
Q

Charles agreed to Triennial Act - every 3 years as well as an act declaring that the present parliament could only be dissolved with its own consent.

A

1641

37
Q

Bill of Attainder - Charles swore revenge after signed - London mob

A

May 1641

38
Q

Courts of Star Chamber and High Commission abolished

A

1641

39
Q

Grand Remonstrance

A

Passed 159 to 148 votes.

40
Q

Pym’s rumours that Queen was to be charged with high treason

A

Charles attempts to arrest 5 leaders of the opposition in Parliament

41
Q

King flees to Oxford then York - tries to seize military supplies in Hull - London left for parliamentarians

A

Feel they should control Army too

42
Q

Nineteen Propositions

A

June 1642:

. All King’s counsellors approved by Parliament
. Parliament to control militia/troops
. Parliament approve those educating the King’s children

43
Q

King’s response to Nineteen Propositions

A

‘the total subversion of the fundamental laws and excellent constitution of this kingdom’

44
Q

Marstoon Moor

A

1644 - parliamentary victory

45
Q

Naseby

A

1645 - parliamentary victory

46
Q

Parliament controlled

A

London and Southeast plus East Anglia - parliament held wealthier areas - maintain their war efforts over long period - parliament controlled centres of commerce/credit

47
Q

Parliament controlled all 3 arsenals throughout the war

sea ports and navy - benefit from taxes on trade and keep London supplied

A

Tower of London, Portsmouth and Hull

48
Q

Self-denying Ordinance - all MPs had to resign their commissions in the army
Cromwell was exception

A

1645

49
Q

Parliament signed Solemn League and Covenant with the Scots Covenanter army of 20,000 infantry, 3,000 cavalry

A

1643

50
Q

Charles surrenders to Scots in Newark

A

1646

51
Q

Second Civil War

A

1648

52
Q

Colonel Pride purged parliament. Soldiers allow only MPs prepared to put king on trial

A

December 1648

53
Q

Decided put King on trial - only way stop surge support for the king was to execute him and declare a republic.

A

January 1649

54
Q

Army owed £3 million in arrears and frightened of ‘cavalier’ backlash once they are disbanded.

A

Wanted Act of Oblivion/ Elect a General Council of the Army

55
Q

Denzil Holles issues Declaration of Dislike

A

Declaring that soldiers petitioning Parliament for redress of grievances were ‘enemies of the State.’

56
Q

Heads of the Proposals

A

Army wanted limit power Parliament as well as King’s

57
Q

Army seized king

A

June 1647

58
Q

Army take control of London

A

August 1647

59
Q

Agreement of the People

A

October 1647

60
Q

Putney Debates

A

October-November 1647

61
Q

Leveller inspired mutinies in the Army

A

Corkbush Field (November 1647) and Burford (May 1649)

62
Q

Scots hand over king to Parliament - worried about royalist Scots

A

January 1647

Charles I (1 decks)

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