Charles Dickens Flashcards

1
Q

Birth

A

1812, at the end of the Napoleonic Wars and start of Victorian Era

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2
Q

Family

A

John Dickens, a clerk for the British Navy, and Elisabeth Dickens had 8 children

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3
Q

Childhood

A

Family was middle class, moved to London when he was young. When he was 12 his father/family was put into prison for debt, had he had to work at a factory(crushed his dreams)

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4
Q

Young Adulthood

A

Was sent to school and began his first career as a clerk in a lawyer’s office, then a parliamentary reporter, then a reporter in political elections. He started traveling from his job

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5
Q

Maria Beadnell

A

He fell deeply in love with her, but her family blew him off because of his money status. She fueled his sketches and writing. In 1853-54, she wrote letters asking to see him despite her being married. They met she didn’t look the same, he published a cruel portrait of her

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6
Q

Catherine Hogarth

A

Daughter of a respected journalist. Got married in April 1836. Moved in with her and her sister, and had children. Divorced in 1858 and she only kept one child.

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7
Q

The Pickwick Papers

A

In 1836 had the original plan to draw and write stories that would link. Dickens was able to choose his own illustrations. 40,000 copies of his comedy sold in a month. Began a serial.

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8
Q

Mary Hogarth

A

Catherine’s sister who died at 17, Dickens was shattered and obsessed with her, and she became a character in his stories.

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9
Q

Gad’s Hill Place

A

A home in Rochester that he wanted as a child that he eventually bought.

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10
Q

Older life

A

Was dissatisfied with life and marriage by 1856. His works started to reflect a darker view of life.

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11
Q

Edwin Drood

A

A mystery book that he died from a stroke in the middle of writing it in the 1870s

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12
Q

TTC Basic Facts

A

Published in 1859 into a serial magazine called “All the Year Round”
Is a Historical Novel
Based on Carlyle’s ‘French Revolution’

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13
Q

TTC Themes

A

Resurrection
Sacrifice
Oppression
Social Injustice

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14
Q

TTC Motifs

A

Shadows
imprisonment
footsteps
mobs

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15
Q

Book the First

A

Takes place in 1775
Involves a trip between 2 major cities in the book (London and Paris)

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16
Q

Book the Second

A

Opens in 1780
Ends at the beginning of French Revolution (1789-91)

17
Q

Book the Third

A

Opens in 1792
Contains the climax

18
Q

Dover Road

A

Mail route people would travel on
Lots of robbers

19
Q

Pros of serial publication

A

Extends audience to all classes
Creates direct relationship with readers
Weekly dependence of reader
immensley popular

20
Q

Cons of serial publication

A

Pressure to produce every week
had to use soap opera techniques
reliance on popular opinion diminishes artistic value

21
Q

Charles Dickens to society

A

Literary giant
Social reformer (novels spoke about injustices)
Oliver Twist and Bleak House changed how orphanages work

22
Q

1st Estate

A

Clergy, did not pay taxes

23
Q

2nd Estate

A

Nobility, people who worked for the government, members of aristocracy
Exempt from most taxes

24
Q

3rd Estate

A

Heavily taxed
1789 was first time they were allowed to vote, but couldn’t over vote 1st and 2nd

25
Q

Tensions in France

A

King Louis XVI was spending half of his national budget to service the federal debt
Hailstorms ruined a year’s harvest
Food prices raised and caused widespread hunger
The King and Mary Antoinette got to live rich and happily
Intellectuals were beginning to wonder if God could/should save the King

26
Q

August 4th

A

The National Assembly abolished most of the Ancien Regime, including feudal rights, tithes, privileges for nobles, and unequal taxation, to write a new constitution

27
Q

Women’s March

A

A rumor went around that Marie Antoinette was hoarding grain in the palace. A bunch of armed peasant women stormed the palace and demanded that Louis and Marie Antoinette move from Versailles to Paris, which they did.

28
Q

Why might the first phase of the French Revolution be considered not so revolutionary?

A

The National Assembly wanted to create a constitutional monarchy, because they believed the king was necessary for a functioning state. They were also mainly concerned that the voters and officeholders be men of property. Only the most radical wing, the Jacobins, called for a republic

29
Q

Why did Louis XVI and the National Assembly decide to invade Austria?

A

Leopold II was the emperor of Rome/Austria, and he and King William Frederick II of Prussia issued the Declaration of Pillnitz, which promised to restore the French monarchy. Prussia joined Austria in fighting the French when they invaded, and King Louis encouraged the Prussians, making him look like an enemy of the revolution. The Assembly then voted to suspend the monarchy, have new elections where everyone could vote, and create a new republican constitution.

30
Q

The Terror

A

Started by Louis XVI’s death, the most known phase of the revolution. If you can kill the king, you can kill anyone. It saw the guillotining of 16,000 enemies, including Marie Antoinette.

31
Q

If not revolutionary, what does John Green argue made the French Revolution so radical?

A

Its insistence upon the universality of its ideals. Ideas that the laws come from citizens, not kings or gods, and that those laws should apply to everyone equally.