Charles 1 And Personal Rule Flashcards
What were Charles’ 3 aims when he became king in 1625?
- To only be answerable to God
- To reform the church through beautification
- To keep Buckingham as an advisor
Why had Parliament opposed (by 1629) Charles’ financial policies?
He raised a forced loan, called ‘Tonnage and Poundage’ which Parliament claimed was illegal
Why had Parliament (by1629) opposed Charles’ foreign policies?
The wars against France and Spain had been a disaster and financially costly
Why had Parliament (by 1629) opposed Charles’ relationship with them?
He was reliant on advice from Buckingham and closed Parliament regularly between 1625 and 1628
What was the Petition of Right (1629)?
Parliament preventing Charles from raising taxes without its consent, along with imprisoning of opponents.
What begun in 1629?
Personal rule
Ha 2 reasons did Charles have for dissolving parliament in 1629?
- Parliament argued that collecting Tonnage and Poundage was illegal
- Charles was being challenged over Arminian influence in the church
What was Charles’ debt in 1629?
£1 million
What was Charles debt by 1635?
£2 million
Which 3 taxes did Charles create?
- Ship Money all over the country
- Distraught of Knighthood
- Forest fines
Who was tried for non-payment of Ship Money in 1637?
John Hampden
What did the outcome reveal?
Judges voted 7-5 in favour of Charles, showing major opposition to his method of collecting taxes.
What was William Laud’s role?
Archbishop of Canterbury
What denomination of Christianity was Laud?
Arminianism
Name 3 features of Laudianism?
- ‘Beautification’ of religion (stained glass windows)
- Uniformity in Church practices (Prayer book is the only useable book in services)
- Preventing Puritan literature from being published.
