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Charging And Cranking > Charging System and Control Circuit Fundamentals > Flashcards

Charging System and Control Circuit Fundamentals Flashcards

1
Q

The purpose of the charging system is to?

A

Recharge the battery whenever necessary and to provide the electrical current required to power the electrical components

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2
Q

An alternator involves what two forms of energy?

A

Mechanical into electrical

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3
Q

Batteries

A

Store chemicals that are used to generate electrical energy

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4
Q

OVC?

What should it be fully charged?

A

Open Circuit Voltage

12.6V on 12V system, 25.2V on 24V system

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5
Q

An alternator is usually spun at what speed?

A

5000 RPM

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6
Q

Voltage regulator

A

Turns on and off the alternator to control the output of alternator. Can turn field circuit on and off as many as 6000 times per second

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7
Q

Maximun voltage setting?

A

12V - 14.8 V

24V - 29.6V

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8
Q

The field circuit

A

Delivers electrical current to the alternators field windings, which create a magnetic field inside the alternator

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9
Q

Output circuit

A

Sends electrical current tot he battery or battery group and the electrical loads

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10
Q

How does a alternator induce voltage?

A

Rotating a magnetic field (rotor) inside of a fixed conductor (stator)

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11
Q

What is rectification?

A

The conversion of AC current into DC current so it can be used.

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12
Q

SIngle Phase AC voltage?

A

The sine way voltage induced across one conductor by one rotor revolution

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13
Q

Brush and Slip ring current

A

The carbon brushes slide on the cooper surfaces of the rotating slip rings. brushes and slip rings only carry small amount of current required to create magnetic field in rotor coil

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14
Q

What is a heat sink

A

A finned block of aluminium that will absorb and move any heat away from any heat sensitive components

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15
Q

A stronger magnetic field in rotor will result in?

A

a higher output voltage from the alternator

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16
Q

Heavy equipment alternator designs can use combinations of poles numbering from?

A

8-16.

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17
Q

Rotor assembly

A

A soft iron core is mounted inside the rotor winding, each pole piece is attached to either end of core. When current flows through field core is magnetized, pole piece take on magnetic polarity of core.

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18
Q

A typical field current has a range of?

A

2 to 10 amps

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19
Q

The stator is made up of?

A

3 Conductor windings wound onto a cylindrical insulated, laminated iron core

20
Q

Three phase current

A

When the three stator windings are connected into a complete circuit, creating a current flow

21
Q

Number of coils in winding

A

The number of coils in a stator will match the number of pole pairs. 6 coils per winding = 6 pairs of poles

22
Q

Wye (Y) type stator

A

One end of each of the 3 stator windings is connected at the stator junction. diagram looks like a Y. Used to create higher voltage a low speeds.

23
Q

Delta type stator

A

Has the 3 stator windings connected end to end, more common. Create higher output current

24
Q

Diode

A

Act as a one way electrical check valve

25
Q

When all the available AC current has been rectified, it is called?

A

Full wave rectification

26
Q

Diodes are usually mounted in what?

A

Heat sinks

27
Q

Capacitor are rated how?

A

By the amount of electrical energy they can store (called capacitance). Symbol is c and unit is Farad (1F). farad is large amount of energy, capacitors usually rated in micro-farads

28
Q

Groups of three positive or negative diodes can be called?

A

Diode bridge or diode plate

29
Q

What is purpose of filter capacitor?

A

Smooth out the AC voltage fluctuations which can cause electromagnetic radio frequency interference

30
Q

Current flow in wye type stator

A

Flow from a ground, through negative diode, through two series connected windings and through a positive diode to alternator output? Induced voltages across both windings added together to achieve output voltage.

31
Q

Current flow in delta type stator

A

Two coils running parallel to each other, meeting where coils are connected. results in high current output, but less voltage at slower speeds

32
Q

Residual Magnetism?

A

The magnetism that remains in an electromagnetic iron core after the current flow is disconnected

33
Q

When field current is drawn from non rectified AC output, it must pass through what to rectify it?

A

Diode trio

34
Q

How does regulator control alternator output?

A

Opens the rotor winding field circuit and current flow quits.

35
Q

What is inductive reactance?

A

The self-induced voltage that opposes normal current flow, created by the collapsing and building magnetic fields.
Counter electromotive force

36
Q

When the rotor is at max current flow but the alternator will only produce a set amount of current flow, it is said to be in what condition?

A

Full fielded condition

37
Q

What happens inside a brushless alternator?

A

The rotor coil winding is bolted in place and the hollow rotor pole pieces rotate around the coil with very close tolerances.

38
Q

What are the most common types of field circuits?

A

A circuit

B circuit

39
Q

Field A Circuit

A

Regulator placed so current flow is processed after it goes through rotor winding. both brushes must be insulated.

40
Q

Field B circuit

A

Regulator placed so current flow is processed before it goes through rotor winding. Only one brush is isolated.

41
Q

What are three common ways to cool an alternator?

A

Open air cooled
Closed air cooled
Closed oil cooled

42
Q

What are benefits of solid state (transistorized) regulators?

A

Compact, No moving parts, Operate at fast rates, Relatively high current carrying capabilities, Not affected by temp changes, Very precise

43
Q

R or STA terminals provide what?

A

Pulsating 14V dc, which registers 7V dc on meter

44
Q

What are the 3 common charging system indicators?

A

Ammeter
Voltmeter
Indicator or warning lamp

45
Q

The three things required to generate electricity are?

A

Magnetism
Conductor
Movement

Charging And Cranking (3 decks)

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