Characters & Themes Flashcards

1
Q

Torvald’s nicknames for Nora. Critical, Animal imagery - infantalises her.

A

‘spendthrift’, ‘little lark,’
‘squirrel,’, ‘spendthrift,’ and ‘sweet tooth.’

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2
Q

Nora’s first word – signals her secretive nature and role she is playing

A

‘Hide’

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3
Q

Nora’s terms of endearment for Torvald – plays a role and keeping him happy. Acting.

A

‘darling’ and ‘dear.’

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4
Q

Life lessons Mrs Linde has learned due to her class and gender.

A

‘I’ve learned to be realistic. Life and hard, bitter necessity have taught me that.’

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5
Q

Torvald’s hope at the end of the play.

A

‘the greatest miracle.’

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6
Q

Nora on Torvald’s decision-making.

A

‘Whatever you do is always right,’

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7
Q

Patronising, de-humanising phrase Torvald uses when Nora agrees with him

A

‘Now my little lark’s talking like a human being.’

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8
Q

Torvald’s view on the trap of borrowing.

A

‘A home that depends on loans and debts is not beautiful, because it is not free.’

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9
Q

Torvald’s aestheticism and view of women’s work.

A

‘Torvald hates the sight of sewing’ Thinks knitting movements are ugly.

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10
Q

Nora (dancing wildly) – theatricality – convention of melodrama

A

‘Thirty-one hours to live.’

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11
Q

Torvald possessive attitude to Nora.

A

‘prize possession,’ ‘young bride.’

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12
Q

Nora’s ‘secret’. She begs Mrs Linde…

A

‘not to give her away,’

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13
Q

Torvald’s way of imposing his will on Nora. Infantalises her. Dominating and physical.

A

‘takes her by the ear.’

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14
Q

Torvald’s attitude to women. His view of Nora as a possession

A

‘Nora, my Nora, that is just like a woman.

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15
Q

Torvald’s criticism of Nora’s spending – animal metaphor

A

little birds that like to fritter money.’

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16
Q

Nora’s gendered gifts for her children – conforming to conventional gender roles

A

‘a sword,’ for her son and ‘a doll,’ for her daughter

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16
Q

Names Nora gives to herself to conform to Torvald’s desired standards making him more willing to give into her wishes

A

calls herself ‘little bird/skylark/squirrel,’

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17
Q

Nora’s stereotypical description of her daughter that links to title & control

A

Daughter is -’ like a doll.’

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18
Q

Torvald’s views on negative effects of poor morals on children

A

‘Because an atmosphere of lies like that infects and poisons the whole life of a home. In a house like that, every breath that the children take is filled with the germs of evil.’

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19
Q

Torvald’s patronising speech to Nora when she is upset. Simile comparing her to a bird. Dismissal of her concerns. Suggestion that what he is doing is more important.

A

Are you happy now? There - there - there - don’t look like a frightened little dove - the whole thing’s just sheer imagination. Now, you must rehearse your tarantella - with the tambourine. I’ll go sit in the inner room and shut the doors, so you can make all the noise you like - I shan’t hear a thing.’

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19
Q

Costume chosen by Torvald to do the Tarantella makes Nora look…

A

‘desirable.’

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19
Q

Nora’s well-being is an afterthought to him

A

‘And me?’ Nora asks. ‘You too naturally’

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19
Q

Shows the hollowness of Torvald’s promise to save Nora. he has only been thinking of himself. shows no intention of sacrificing anything for Nora

A

Torvald’s proclamation: ‘I’m saved,’

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20
Q

Torvald likes the IDEA of Nora but doesn’t actually KNOW Nora

A

Torvald states that it is ‘enjoyable to be in love with her.’

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21
Q

Torvald’s views on morality, genetics and inheritance. The influence of the mother.

A

‘Nearly all young criminals had lying mothers.’

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22
Q

Torvald’s firm belief in the traditional gendered stereotypes

A

‘Men are stable, and women are capricious.’

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23
Q

Torvald on morality and the effect of borrowing

A

There’s something constrained, something ugly even, about a home that’s founded on borrowing and debt.

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24
Q

Nora on work and independence.

A

Still, it was tremendous fun sitting there working and earning money. It was almost like being a man.’

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25
Q

Nora views morality as above the law. Believes it acceptable to break society’s rules for altruistic reasons.

A

‘Hasn’t a daughter the right to protect her dying father from worry and anxiety? Hasn’t a wife the right to save her husband’s life? I don’t know much about the law, but I’m quite certain that it must say somewhere that things like that are allowed.’

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26
Q

Because an atmosphere of lies like that infects and poisons the whole life of a home. In a house like that, every breath that the children take is filled with the germs of evil.’

A

Torvald’s views on morality, genetics and inheritance. The influence of the parents on children.

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27
Q

Mrs Linde believes Nora innocent and naive

A

‘Look, Nora, in lots of things, you’re still a child. I’m older than you in many ways and I’ve had a little more experience.’

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28
Q

Nora’s promises to please Torvald using animal names for herself. She plays along with his notion of her. (4 quotes)

A

‘If your squirrel were to ask you very prettily for something…’
‘Your squirrel will scamper about and do all her tricks, if you’ll be nice and do what she asks…’
‘Your skylark’ll sing all over the house - up and down the scale…’
‘I’ll be a fairy and dance on a moonbeam for you…‘‘

29
Q

Dr Rank tells Nora his feelings

A

‘I promised myself that I’d tell you before I went away, and I could never have a better opportunity. Well, Nora, now you know. And you know, too, that you can trust me - more than anyone else.’

30
Q

Krogstadt’s threats and views on the position of the working class and the middle-class disregard for others.

A

‘Yes, now you’ve been warned, so don’t do anything stupid. I shall expect to hear from Helmer as soon as he gets my letter. And remember, it’s your husband who’s forced me to do this sort of thing again. I shall never forgive him for that.’

31
Q

The way Nora dances, reflecting her state of mind.

A

Dance is a convention of melodrama. ‘Nora, darling, you’re dancing as if your life depended on it!’

32
Q

Dr Ranks reaction is to tell Torvald rather than a long-term solution

A

‘But now a whole day’s gone by and I’ve witnessed things in this house that I could hardly believe. Helmer must know the whole story.’

33
Q

Torvald on Nora as a prized possession to be displayed. Revels in the idea of ownership. Ibsen portrays a wife who is perceived as her husband’s child-like possession or plaything.

A

‘’Mayn’t I look at my dearest treasure? At all the beauty that belongs to no one but me - that’s all my very own?’…

34
Q

Torvald’s fantasies about Nora as a secret love. Reveals his lascivious nature.

A

When they are out he ‘only steal(s) a glance at you every now and then…’ because he pretends they are ‘secretly in love - engaged in secret’

35
Q

Nora points out to Torvald what the issue is.

Torvald shows no intention of sacrificing anything for Nora

A

But you don’t talk or think like the man I could bind myself to. When your first panic was over - not about what threatened me, but about what might happen to you - and when there was no more danger, then, as far as you were concerned, it was just as if nothing had happened at all.

36
Q

Nora on Torvald’s treatment of her over the course of their marriage. Refers to herself as ‘it’. Violent, theatrical emotion.

A

I was simply your little songbird, your doll, and from now on you would handle it more gently than ever because it was so delicate and fragile. [Rising] At that moment, Torvald, I realized that for eight years I’d been living her with a strange man and that I’d borne him three children. Oh, I can’t bear to think of it - I could tear myself to little pieces!’

37
Q

Torvald’s magnanimous (he feels) response to discovering the danger is over. Acknowledges the possibility that Nora may have killed herself.

A

How you must have suffered - seeing no way out except…No, we’ll put all those hateful things out of our minds. Now we can shout for joy, again and again: ‘It’s all over - it’s all over!

38
Q

Torvald not comprehending the dynamic has changed.

A

Listen, Nora - you don’t seem to realize - it’s all over. What’s the matter? Such a grim face?

39
Q

Torvald can’t conceive that it is he who is at fault. Expects Nora’s gratitude for his forgiveness.

A

Poor little Nora, I see what it is: you simply can’t believe that I’ve forgiven you. But, I have, Nora, I swear it - I’ve forgiven you everything. I know now that what you did was all for love of me.

40
Q

Torvald’s horror on discovering what Nora has done

A

‘What a terrible awakening! For these last eight years you’ve been my joy and my pride - and now I find that you’re a liar, a hypocrite - even worse - a criminal! Oh, the unspeakable ugliness of it all!

41
Q

Class quote about the necessity of money.

A

‘One can’t have anything in this life without paying for it.’

42
Q

Nora speaks of herself as a performing animal who must perform

A

‘I have existed merely to perform tricks for you, Torvald. ‘I did tricks for you and you gave me food and water’

43
Q

Nora’s equivocation to Mrs Linde about the money

A

‘I never said that I borrowed the money. I may have got it some other way’

44
Q

Ibsen’s nickname for Laura Kieler on whom the story is based

A

‘The Skylark’

45
Q

Nora’s fixation on money and security

A

It will be splendid to have heaps of money and not need to have any anxiety, wont it’

46
Q

Money. Class divide.

A

’not only what one needs but heaps and heaps of money.’

47
Q

Kronstadt on reputation

A

‘Mrs. Helmer, you evidently don’t appreciate exactly what you have done. But I can assure you that it is no bigger nor worse a crime than the one I once committed and thereby ruined my whole social position.’

48
Q

Helmer shows himself to be obsessed with appearing dignified and respectable to his colleagues. Reputation more important than happiness. Appearance prioritised over reality.

A

From now on, forget happiness. Now it’s just about saving the remains, the wreckage, the appearance.

49
Q

On the subject of telling Torvald that she borrowed money Nora shows that she has a sense of the true nature of their marriage. She recognizes that Torvald’s affection is based largely on her appearance

A

One day I might, yes. Many years from now, when I’ve lost my looks a little. Don’t laugh. I mean, of course, a time will come when Torvald is not as devoted to me, not quite so happy when I dance for him, and dress for him, and play with him. (Act 1)

50
Q

Torvald’s reaction to Krogstad’s letter solidifies his characterization as a shallow man concerned first and foremost with appearance. Here he states explicitly that the appearance of happiness is far more important to him than happiness itself

A

I must try and appease [Krogstad] some way or another. The matter must be hushed up at any cost

51
Q

Nora. Message of the play is that Nora cannot find true freedom in this traditional domestic realm. Her dreams focused on appeasing Torvald.
She will later come to realise that she can’t depend on Torvald if she expects to be free

A

Free. To be free, absolutely free. To spend time playing with the children. To have a clean, beautiful house, the way Torvald likes it.

52
Q

Nora on Torvald’d possible reaction to discovering about the money. Masculinity under threat. By rescuing her husband, Nora has emasculated him, at least by standards of society in which they live

A

How painful and humiliating it would be for Torvald, with his manly independence, to know that he owed me anything!

53
Q

Torvald on heredity and the role of the mother in moulding morality of children by example.

A

Almost everyone who has gone to the bad early in life has had a deceitful mother. […] It seems seems most commonly to be the mother’s influence.

54
Q

Nora cleverly manipulates Torvald by taking advantage of his stereotypical views of man/woman relations

A

Christine is […] frightfully anxious to work under some clever man, so as to perfect herself

55
Q

This threat to his power is unacceptable to Torvald

A

It is already known at the Bank that I mean to dismiss Korgstad. Is it to get about now that the new manager has changed his mind at his wife’s bidding.

56
Q

The first lie of which the audience is aware.
It seems pretty innocent but it is symptomatic of a much larger gulf in their marriage

A

Helmer: Hasn’t Miss Sweet Tooth been breaking rules in town today? […] taken a bite at a macaroon or two?’
Nora: No, Torvald

57
Q

The big lie comes from an act of love. He primary concern is Torvald’s welfare. She risks terrible consequences for his health and happiness.

A

It was necessary he should have no idea what a dangerous condition he was in. It was to me that the doctors came and said that his life was in danger

58
Q

The danger of Torvald finding out about Nora’s deceit is the essential tension that drives most of the play

A

My little songbird must never do that again. A songbird must have a clean beak to chirp with-no false notes!

59
Q

Nora has known about Ran’s love for her all along but is annoyed when he voices his feelings because it means she can no longer pretend not to know.

A

Rank: That I’ve loved you just as deeply as somebody else? Was that mean?
Nora: No, but that you came out and told me.

60
Q

Mrs. Linde seems to hope that the truth will heal the Helmers’ marriage, when in fact it destroys it

A

They must have a complete understanding between them, which is impossible with all this concealment and falsehood going on.

61
Q

Linking women’s decisions and emotions to hormones and/or psychosis – irrational.

A

‘You’re out of your mind’

62
Q

Helmer’s record isn’t as spotless as he makes it out to be. He admits that he ignored some of Nora’s father’s wrongdoings. Heredity. The link between heredity and morality. Forging cheque, helping Krogstad, Mrs Linde, Leaving

A

How I am punished for having winked at what he did! I did it for your sake, and this is how you repay me

63
Q

Women defined in terms of their gender roles.

A

’first and foremost a wife and a mother’

64
Q

Existentialism and Identity. Nora must find herself to be a complete person and can’t look after children until she does so.

A

’I believe that I am first and foremost a human being like you’

65
Q

Nora’s determination to be independent

A

’i must stand on my own two feet’

66
Q

Dr Rank on heredity and Morality.

A

‘Why should i suffer for another mans sins’

67
Q

Dr Rank. Heredity and Morality. Dr Rank’s hereditary syphillis
He never condemns his father, though.

A

’My poor innocent spine must do penance for my father’s gay subaltern life’

68
Q

Nora’s double face and its collapse during the tarantella

A

‘I could never act against your wishes’

69
Q

Torvald tries to catch Nora out, as though she’s a child.

A

’…not even a little nibble of a macaroon’

70
Q

Nora’s knowledge, which implies that Nora has more mature life experience than those around her realise.

A

He’s got a terrible disease… As a result Dr Rank has been sickly ever since

71
Q

Nora’s movement could imply that she is frustrated and she feels trapped. Foreshadows her leaving the room, the house, and her family at the end of the play.

A

NORA: (walks about the room). when one has three children, one comes into contact with women who – well, who know about medical matters,

72
Q

Mrs Linde could be implying that Dr Rank visits Nora too frequently, and that there is something improper about the closeness of their relationship. This could also link to Dr Rank’s inheritance of a sexually transmitted infection, which places him in proximity to sexually promiscuous behaviour that would have been deemed ‘sinful’ at the time.

A

Does Dr Rank visit you every day?

73
Q

The significance of Nora’s hair coming loose during the dance

A

In melodrama, this signalled a woman who was sexually available or mad.

74
Q

Assumption of Nora’s lack of worldliness. Her innocence and naivety

A

’you don’t understand how society works’