Characteristics of specific food-born pathogens

Question 1

What is the most common Yersinia spp involved in food born disease

Answer 1

Yersinia enterocolitica

Question 2

Describe the characteristics of Y. entero

Answer 2

gram -
fac anaero
rod
1-44 degrees survival
5-7%NaCl
pH-4-5

Question 3

What animal is Y. entero most common source

Answer 3

Pig

Question 4

What are the clincial signs of Yersiniosis

Answer 4

acute fever and G-enteritis
bloody d+
hepatic absesses
incubation = 1-11d

Question 5

How can Yersinia get into food

Answer 5

poor evisceration
its a psychotroph so can live a -5-20+
inadeq pasteurisation

Question 6

describe the main characteristics of vibrio cholera

Answer 6

fac anaerobe
halophiles
alkaliphillic
rod
grows in water!
inc = 6hours!

Question 7

what are the symptoms of cholera toxicoinfection

Answer 7

watery d++++++
abdo pain
dehydratin
shock

Question 8

what are the major differences of vibrio parahaemolyticus and cholera?

Answer 8

invasive infection,
produces haemolytic toxin in enterocytes
milder symptoms

Question 9

What is the identifying symptom of vibrio vulnificus from cholera?

Answer 9

necrotic skin lesions

Question 10

What are the main sources of listeria monocytogenes

Answer 10

GIT
soil, water, plants
forms persistent biofilms - work surfaces!

Question 11

What are the main characteristics of INVASIVE listeriosis?

Answer 11

invasive infection
incubation = 1-20d
systemic invasion
immuno-comp people commonly

Question 12

What are the main characteristics of NON-INVASIVE listeriosis?

Answer 12

d+ and headache
incub = 1-3d
healthy individuals mostly

Question 13

what is the average minimum toxic dose for bacteria toxins?

Answer 13

10^6

Question 14

What are the characteristics of staffy a?

Answer 14

fac anaerobe
resistant to desiccation and thermophile
survives 100!
most common toxins = A and D
incub = 1-6hrs

Question 15

What are the maj symptoms of the staff a

Answer 15

V+D
abdo pain
NO fever
dehydrat

Question 16

how to prevent a staffy a infection - since you cant really kill it

Answer 16

cook and eat fast
little handling as pos
hope below infective dose

Question 17

what are the main characteristics of Cl botulinum

Answer 17

spores
anaerob
neuro toxin -> paralysis

Question 18

what are the 2 forms of cl bot infection

Answer 18

intoxication (botulinum)

toxico-inf (infants)

Question 19

what are the prote-olytic toxins formed by clost bot?

Answer 19

A, B, F

Question 20

What are the main bacillus cereus

Answer 20

gram +
spore 
rod
D+V syndromes
V - onset 1-14hrs; D - onset 4-16hrs

Question 21

B cereus is very thermophillic; how long and at what temp is req to kill it (enough)

Answer 21

15m at 100 degrees

Question 22

What are the main characteristics of clot perfringens

Answer 22

type A toxin - in GIT and soil

spore

Question 23

what are the main charact of rotavirus

Answer 23

ds RNA

winter vom disease commonly
profuse/projectile V+D!

Question 24

What are the main characteristics of calcivirus

Answer 24

ssRNA
like norovirus
winter vom (like rotavirus)
V+D
adults more effected than children

Question 25

What are the main characteristics of Hep A

Answer 25

ssRNA
high shedd ing in faeces
rare in UK
vaccination
V+D
virus in GIT --> liver
 jaundice!

Question 26

What are the main characteristics of Hep E

Answer 26

RNA
pork!
mild usually