Characteristics of phobias, depression and OCD Flashcards
What are the behavioural characteristics of phobias?
Avoidance, panic, and endurance
What are the emotional characteristics of phobias?
Anxiety and fear
What are the cognitive characteristics of phobias?
Selective attention to the phobic stimulus, irrational beliefs, and cognitive distortions
What are the behavioural characteristics of depression?
Low energy (lethargy), disruption to sleep and eating behaviour, and possible aggression or self-harm
What are the emotional characteristics of depression?
Persistent low mood, anger, and low self-esteem
What are the cognitive characteristics of depression?
Poor concentration, attending to the negative, and absolutist thinking (black-and-white thinking)
What are the behavioural characteristics of OCD?
Compulsions (repetitive behaviours), and avoidance of situations that trigger anxiety
What are the emotional characteristics of OCD?
Anxiety and distress, accompanying depression, and guilt/disgust
What are the cognitive characteristics of OCD?
Obsessive thoughts, cognitive strategies to deal with obsessions, and insight into excessive anxiety
What is a key difference in behavioural characteristics between phobias and OCD?
Phobias involve avoidance and panic, while OCD involves compulsive, repetitive behaviours
How do the emotional characteristics of depression differ from those of phobias?
Depression involves persistent sadness and anger, whereas phobias are characterised by immediate fear and anxiety
What is the role of irrational beliefs in phobias?
Individuals with phobias may hold distorted beliefs that exaggerate the threat posed by the phobic stimulus
How does OCD show insight in its cognitive characteristics?
Individuals are often aware their obsessions and compulsions are irrational but feel powerless to stop them
What is meant by the term behavioural characteristics?
Observable actions and reactions that can indicate the presence of a mental health condition
What is meant by the term emotional characteristics?
The specific feelings, emotions, and emotional responses that are indicative of a particular mental disorder
What is meant by the term cognitive characteristics?
How individuals with mental disorders think and process information, including their beliefs, thoughts, and attention patterns
