Characteristics of Life Flashcards
6 characteristics of life
Cellular organization
contain similar chemicals
use energy
grow and develop
respond to their enviroment
reproduce
Unicellular and multicellular
Unicellular: single celled
Multicellular: many celled
Cell
the basic unit of life
Difference between growth and development
Growth: The process of becoming larger
Development: The process of change that occurs during an organisms life to produce a more complex organism
How a stimulus and response are related
A stimulus is a change in an organisms surroundings which causes the response
4 needs of life
energy
water
living space
stable internal conditions(homeostatis)
Difference between an autotroph and a heterotroph
Autotroph: organisms that make their own food for energy(plants)
Heterotrophs: organisms that can not make their own food(animals)
Four scientists and what important details they discovered about cells
Robert Hook: He used a microscope to observe “cork” cells
Anton Van Leeuvenhoak: He observed tiny single celled organisms
Mattias Schleidan: he conclude that all plants are made of cells
Theodor Schwann: concluded all living things are made of cells including animals
The cell theory
- cells are the basic unit of life
- all living things are made of cells
- all cells come from other cells
3 different types of microscopes and how they are different
Simple microscope: single lens, only used to magnify
Compound microscope: a light microscope that has more than one lens
Electron microscope: use a beam of electrons instead of light
How plant and animal cells are different from each other
Plants are autotrophs and animals are heterotrophs. Plant cells have a bigger vacuole than animal cells. Animal cells have lysosomes unlike plant cells.
Nucleus
Control center of the cell.
Cell membrane
Controls what comes into and out of the cell.
Cytoplasm
Clear, thick, gel-like fluid that contains the organelles.
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Passageways that carry protiens and other materials from one part of the cell to another
Ribosomes
Produce protiens
Mitochondria
The “power house” of the cell because they produce most of the energy that the cell needs
Golgi bodies
Recieves the protiens from the ER, packages them, and sends them to other parts of the cell
Lysosomes
3 functions: Breaks down food to be used, collects and breaks down old unused organelles, and helps fight off bacteria and viruses
Vacuole
Storage area of the cell (stores water, food, and waste)
Chloroplast
Plants only, and capture energy from sunlight to produce food for the cell
Cell wall
Plant cell only, and helps protect and support the cell
