Characteristics Of Dysrhythmias

Question 1

Normal Sinus Rhythm

Answer 1

Rhythm - regular
Rate - 60-100
P Wave Morphology- uniform, upright, after each QRS complex
PRI - 0.12-0.20
QRS duration and morphology - 0.06-0.10, uniform

Question 2

Sinus Bradycardia

Answer 2

All characteristics same as NSR

EXCEPT ** heart rate is lower than 60 bpm

Question 3

Sinus Tachycardia

Answer 3

All characteristics same as NSR

EXCEPT ** heart rate is greater than 100 bpm

Question 4

Sinus Disrhythmia

Answer 4

All characteristics same as NSR

EXCEPT ** P-P and R-R intervals progressively widen then narrow following patients breathing pattern

Question 5

Sinus Arrest

Answer 5

All characteristics same as NSR

EXCEPT ** regularly occurring PQRSTs before and after arrest period and no activity during arrest

Question 6

Sinus Exit Block

Answer 6

All characteristics same as NSR

EXCEPT ** measure the R-R interval of pause and it will be direct multiple or ratio of P-P interval

Question 7

Premature Atrial Complexes (PAC)

Answer 7

-Cardiac complex that occurs too soon, -positively deflected P wave (looks different then normal complexes P wave)
-overall rhythm is irregular

Question 8

Wandering Atrial Pacemaker (WAP)

Answer 8

-Changing P wave morphology with atleast 3 variations in one lead
-rhythm may be irregular
-PRI varies

Question 9

Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia (MAT)

Answer 9

-irregular rhythm
-101-150bpm
-clearly changing P wave
-PRI varies

Question 10

Atrial Flutter

Answer 10

-rate of 250-350
-P wave not seen, only flutters that resemble sawtooth or picket fence
-PRI unmeasurable

Question 11

Atrial Fibrillation

Answer 11

Unmeasurable or undetermined, only QRS only thing in normal limits

(Chaotic activity)

Question 12

Premature Junctional Complex (PJC)

Answer 12

-irregular
-rate depends
-P wave varies
-PRI varies

P wave will always be inverted regardless of location

Question 13

Junctional Escape Rhythm

Answer 13

-rate 40-60
-P wave inverted and varies if seen

Question 14

Accelerated Junctional Rhythm

Answer 14

-60-100 bpm
-p wave varies and is inverted

Question 15

Junctional Tachycardia

Answer 15

-100-180bpm
-p wave varies and is inverted

Question 16

Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)

Answer 16

-describes group of Dysrhythmias that present normal to narrow appearing QRS complexes but with a rate greater then 150bpm

Question 17

First degree atrioventricular block

Answer 17

-PRI constant and measures greater than 0.20 second

Question 18

Second Degree Atrioventricular Block Type 1 (Mobitz 1 or Wenckebach)

Answer 18

-R-R interval irregular
-Ventricular rate slower than atrial rate
-extra P waves
-PRI becomes progressively longer until QRS blocked then cycle resets

Question 19

Second Degree Atrioventricular Block Type 2 (Mobitz 2)

Answer 19

-Extra P waves
-ventricular rate slower then atrial

Question 20

Third Degree Atrioventricular Block (Complete)

Answer 20

-ventricular rate between 20-40 or 40-60
-P wave varies or buried in QRS or T